Mammals of China

Andrew T. Smith is President's Professor and Parents Association Professor of Life Sciences at Arizona State University. Yan Xie is associate research professor in the Institute of Zoology at the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

• List of Figures 5 List of Maps 6 List of Habitat Images 6 Preface 7 Contributors 7 Introduction 8 China's Geography and Mammal Biogeography 9 Mammal Conservation 12 China's Protected-Area System 14 How to Use This Book 15 Acknowledgments 18 CLASS MAMMALIA-The Mammals 35 ORDER PROBOSCIDEA 36 Family Elephantidae-Elephants 36 ORDER SI RENIA 37 Family Dugongidae-Dugongs 37 ORDER SCANDENTIA 38 Family Tupaiidae-Tree Shrews 38 ORDER PRIMATES 39 Family Lorisidae-Lorises 39 Family Cercopithecidae 41 Subfamily Cercopithecinae-Old World Monkeys 42 Subfamily Colobinae-Leaf-eating Monkeys 46 Family Hylobatidae-Gibbons and Siamangs 52 ORDER RODENTIA 58 Family Sciuridae 58 Subfamily Ratufinae-Giant Squirrels 59 Subfamily Sciurinae-True Squirrels 60 Subfamily Callosciurinae-Oriental Tree Squirrels 69 Subfamily Xerinae-Afro-Asian Ground Squirrels 76 Family Gliridae-Dormice 84 Family Castoridae-Beavers 85 Family Dipodidae 87 Subfamily Allactaginae-Four- and Five-toed Jerboas, Fat-tailed Jerboas 87 Subfamily Cardiocraniinae-Dwarf Jerboas 91 Subfamily Dipodinae-Three-toed Jerboas 93 Subfamily Euchoreutinae-Long-eared Jerboa 96 Subfamily Sicistinae-Birch Mice 96 Subfamily Zapodinae-Jumping Mice 98 Family Platacanthomyidae-Spiny Dormice 99 Family Spalacidae 100 Subfamily Myospalacinae-Zokors 100 Subfamily Rhizomyinae-Bamboo Rats 103 Family Cricetidae 105 Subfamily Arvicolinae-Voles, Lemmings, and Water Voles 106 Subfamily Cricetinae-Hamsters 129 Family Muridae 138 Subfamily Gerbillinae-Gerbils 138 Subfamily Murinae-Murine Rodents 143 Family Hystricidae-Old World Porcupines 164 ORDER LA GOMORPHA 166 Family Ochotonidae-Pikas 166 Family Leporidae-Rabbits and Hares 178 ORDER ERINA CEOMORPHA 184 Family Erinaceidae 184 Subfamily Erinaceinae-Hedgehogs 184 Subfamily Galericinae-Gymnures 187 ORDER SORICOMORPHA 189 Family Soricidae 189 Subfamily Crocidurinae-Crocidurine Shrews 189 Subfamily Soricinae-Red-toothed Shrews 195 Family Talpidae 211 Subfamily Scalopinae-American Moles 211 Subfamily Talpinae-True Moles 212 Subfamily Uropsilinae-Shrew Moles 216 ORDER CHIROPTERA 217 Family Pteropodidae-Old World Fruit Bats 217 Family Rhinolophidae-Horseshoe Bats 224 Family Hipposideridae-Old World Leaf-nosed Bats 233 Family Megadermatidae-False Vampire Bats 238 Family Emballonuridae-Sheath-tailed Bats 239 Family Molossidae-Free-tailed Bats 240 Family Vespertilionidae 242 Subfamily Vespertilioninae-Vesper Bats 243 Subfamily Myotinae-Little Brown Bats 260 Subfamily Miniopterinae-Long-fingered Bats 269 Subfamily Murininae-Hairy-winged and Tube-nosed Bats 270 Subfamily Kerivoulinae-Woolly Bats 274 ORDER PHOLI DOTA 275 Family Manidae-Pangolins 275 ORDER CARNIVORA 277 Family Felidae 278 Subfamily Felinae-Purring Cats 278 Subfamily Pantherinae-Roaring Cats 287 Family Viverridae 292 Subfamily Hemigalinae-Hemigaline Civets 293 Subfamily Paradoxurinae-Palm Civets 294 Subfamily Prionodontinae-Linsangs 297 Subfamily Viverrinae-Civet Cats 298 Family Herpestidae-Mongooses 301 Family Ursidae-Bears 308 Family Otariidae-Eared Seals 313 Family Phocidae-True Seals 315 Family Mustelidae 318 Subfamily Lutrinae-Otters 318 Subfamily Mustelinae-Weasels, Wolverine, Martens, and Badgers 321 Family Ailuridae-Red Panda 333 ORDER PERISSODACTYLA 334 Family Equidae-Horses, Zebras, and Asses 334 ORDER ARTIO DACTYLA 337 Family Suidae-Pigs 338 Family Camelidae-Camels 339 Family Tragulidae-Chevrotains and Mouse-deer 340 Family Moschidae-Musk Deer 341 Family Cervidae 345 Subfamily Capreolinae-Deer, Moose, and Reindeer 345 Subfamily Cervinae-Deer and Muntjacs 349 Subfamily Hydropotinae-Water Deer 359 Family Bovidae 360 Subfamily Antilopinae-Gazelles and Saiga 360 Subfamily Bovinae-Cattle and Spiral-horned Antelopes 365 Subfamily Caprinae-Goats and Sheep 367 ORDER CETACEA 377 Family Delphinidae-Dolphins 378 Family Phocoenidae-Porpoises 379 Family Iniidae-River Dolphins 380 APPENDIXES 381 I. Cetaceans Found off the Coast of China 381 II. Hypothetical Mammals 382 III. Introduced Alien, Feral, or Free-ranging Domestic Mammals 383 GLOSSARY 384 FURTHER READING 387 Index to Scientific Names 388 Index to Common Names 391

"[A]nyone with any interest in what's at stake in the world, and particularly in China and other Asian countries, needs to have a copy of this workmanlike field guide... [T]his is a highly serviceable, comprehensive and up-to-date guide, essential for the library of any wildlife enthusiast."--Cathy Taibbi, Examiner "This practical guide covers the great diversity of these mammals... [Mammals of China] provides descriptions of every Chinese species, focusing on distinctive features (including measurements and dental formulae), distributions, natural history (habitat, diet, and reproduction), and conservation status. Nearly 70 percent of the species are illustrated in color drawings, and distribution maps are provided for each."--Choice "This guide is a valuable handbook for those involved in wildlife research in China and people interested in ecotourism and natural history. I would highly recommend this book to anyone traveling to China with an interest in mammals or for an inexpensive, good overview of the Chinese mammalian fauna."--John Yunger, Journal of Mammalogy Praise for A Guide to the Mammals of China: "Now, for the first time, the natural history of all 556 of China's known mammals has been brought together in this impressive tome. This title represents a major achievement."--Kathryn Jeffs, BBC Wildlife Magazine Praise for A Guide to the Mammals of China: "[T]he most comprehensive single-volume reference to China's mammals and perhaps to those of Asia as well... It is difficult to overestimate the usefulness of this outstanding book."--F. S. Szalay, Choice Praise for A Guide to the Mammals of China: "This is a much needed guide and it will be indispensable for naturalists and mammalogists for years to come."--Roy John, Canadian Field Naturalist