Macrolide Antibiotics

• ContributorsPreface1. Discovery of New MacrolidesI. IntroductionII. Macrolides from ActinomycetesIII. Macrolides from Bacteria Including MyxobacteriaIV. Macrolides from FungiV. Macrolides from Plants and LichensVI. Macrolides from InsectsVII. Other MacrolidesVIII. Concluding RemarksReferences2. Discovery of New Macrolides from Marine OrganismsI. IntroductionII. Macrocyclic Lactones of Marine Organism OriginIII. Concluding RemarksReferences3. Chemical Modification of MacrolidesI. IntroductionII. Fourteen-Membered MacrolidesIII. Sixteen-Membered Macrolide Antibiotics and the Avermectin FamilyIV. Concluding RemarksReferences4. Total Synthesis of MacrolidesI. IntroductionII. Synthetic Strategy for Macrolide SynthesisIII. Total Synthesis of Selected MacrolidesIV. Concluding RemarksReferences5. Biosynthesis, Regulation, and Genetics of Macrolide ProductionI. IntroductionII. Reaction Mechanism of Polyketide BiosynthesisIII. Polyketide SynthaseIV. Genes Encoding Modular Polyketide SynthaseV. Sugar BiosynthesisVI. Genetic Manipulation of PKS GenesReferences6. Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism of MacrolidesI. IntroductionII. Pharmacokinetics and MetabolismIII. Drug InteractionIV. Concluding RemarksReferences7. Antimicrobial Macrolides in Clinical PracticeI. IntroductionII. Fourteen- and Fifteen-Membered MacrolidesIII. Sixteen-Membered MacrolidesIV. Concluding RemarksReferences8. Ivermectin in Clinical PracticeI. IntroductionII. Novel Activity of Ivermectin in Clinical PracticeIII. Concluding RemarksReferences9. Tacrolimus and Other Immunosuppressive Macrolides in Clinical PracticeI. IntroductionII. Tacrolimus, a Brief Developmental HistoryIII. Novel Activity of Tacrolimus and Other Immunosuppressive Macrolides in Clinical PracticeIV. Concluding RemarksReferences10. Mode of Action and Resistance Mechanisms of Antimicrobial MacrolidesI. IntroductionII. Mode of Action of Macrolide AntibioticsIII. Mechanisms of Resistance to Antimicrobial MacrolidesIV. Important Developments in Macrolide AntibioticsV. Concluding RemarksVI. AddendumReferences11. Mode of Action of Macrolides with Motilin Agonistic Activity--MotilidesI. IntroductionII. Mode of Action of MotilinIII. Invention of MotilidesIV. BiologicalActivity of MotilidesV. Clinical Trials of MotilidesVI. Concluding RemarksReferences12. Novel Activity of Erythromycin and Its DerivativesI. Erythromycin Treatment in Diffuse PanbronchiolitisII. Inhibition of Chloride ChannelIII. Effects of Macrolides on Cytokine/Chemokine ExpressionIV. Modulation of Bacterial FunctionV. New Challenge for Novel ActionReferences13. Mode of Action of AvermectinI. IntroductionII. Target of Avermectin ActionIII. Cloning and Structure of Avermectin Binding ProteinIV. Concluding RemarksReferences14. Mode of Action of FK506 and RapamycinI. IntroductionII. Initial Cellular Target for FK506 and Rapamycin; Peptidyl Prolylcis-trans Isomerases (Rotamases, Immunophilins)III. Target of FK506-FKBP12 Complex: CalcineurinIV. Target of Rapamycin-FKBP12 Complex: mTOR/FRAP/RFATV. Intervention of Intracellular Signaling Pathways by FK506 and RapamycinReferencesIndex

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