Ahmad A. Aziz El-Banna received his Master’s degree in 2011 from Benha University and his Ph.D in 2014 from Egypt-Japan University of Science & Technology. Since June 2018, he has been a postdoctoral fellow at Shenzhen University, China. He also holds the position of an assistant professor at Benha University, Egypt. He served as a visiting researcher at Osaka University at Japan (2013–2014). His research interests include cooperative networking, MIMO, space-time coding, IoT, machine learning, and underwater communication. Kaishun Wu received the Ph.D. degree in computer science and engineering from HKUST in 2011. After that, he worked as a Research Assistant Professor with HKUST. In 2013, he joined SZU as a Distinguished Professor. He has coauthored two books and published over 100 high quality research articles in international leading journals and primer conferences, such as IEEE TMC, IEEE TPDS, ACM MobiCom, and IEEE INFOCOM. He is also the inventor of 6 U.S. and over 90 Chinese pending patents. He is a fellow of IET. He received the 2012 Hong Kong Young Scientist Award and the 2014 Hong Kong ICT Awards: Best Innovation and 2014 IEEE ComSoc Asia–Pacific Outstanding Young Researcher Award.

• Introduction.- Seawater’s Key Physical Variables.- Opportunistic Transmission.- Localization and Positioning.- ML Modeling for Underwater Communication.- Open Challenges.- Conclusion.

Ahmad A. Aziz El-Banna received his Master’s degree in 2011 from Benha University and his Ph.D in 2014 from Egypt-Japan University of Science & Technology. Since June 2018, he has been a postdoctoral fellow at Shenzhen University, China. He also holds the position of an assistant professor at Benha University, Egypt. He served as a visiting researcher at Osaka University at Japan (2013–2014). His research interests include cooperative networking, MIMO, space-time coding, IoT, machine learning, and underwater communication. Kaishun Wu received the Ph.D. degree in computer science and engineering from HKUST in 2011. After that, he worked as a Research Assistant Professor with HKUST. In 2013, he joined SZU as a Distinguished Professor. He has coauthored two books and published over 100 high quality research articles in international leading journals and primer conferences, such as IEEE TMC, IEEE TPDS, ACM MobiCom, and IEEE INFOCOM. He is also the inventor of 6 U.S. and over 90 Chinese pending patents. He is a fellow of IET. He received the 2012 Hong Kong Young Scientist Award and the 2014 Hong Kong ICT Awards: Best Innovation and 2014 IEEE ComSoc Asia–Pacific Outstanding Young Researcher Award.

• Introduction.- Seawater’s Key Physical Variables.- Opportunistic Transmission.- Localization and Positioning.- ML Modeling for Underwater Communication.- Open Challenges.- Conclusion.

Ahmad A. Aziz El-Banna received his Master’s degree in 2011 from Benha University and his Ph.D in 2014 from Egypt-Japan University of Science & Technology. Since June 2018, he has been a postdoctoral fellow at Shenzhen University, China. He also holds the position of an assistant professor at Benha University, Egypt. He served as a visiting researcher at Osaka University at Japan (2013–2014). His research interests include cooperative networking, MIMO, space-time coding, IoT, machine learning, and underwater communication. Kaishun Wu received the Ph.D. degree in computer science and engineering from HKUST in 2011. After that, he worked as a Research Assistant Professor with HKUST. In 2013, he joined SZU as a Distinguished Professor. He has coauthored two books and published over 100 high quality research articles in international leading journals and primer conferences, such as IEEE TMC, IEEE TPDS, ACM MobiCom, and IEEE INFOCOM. He is also the inventor of 6 U.S. and over 90 Chinese pending patents. He is a fellow of IET. He received the 2012 Hong Kong Young Scientist Award and the 2014 Hong Kong ICT Awards: Best Innovation and 2014 IEEE ComSoc Asia–Pacific Outstanding Young Researcher Award.

• Introduction.- Seawater’s Key Physical Variables.- Opportunistic Transmission.- Localization and Positioning.- ML Modeling for Underwater Communication.- Open Challenges.- Conclusion.