Daniel Minoli has done extensive work in video engineering, design, and implementation over the years at several organizations including Telcordia (Bellcore), Stevens Institute of Technology, AT&T, and Gartner/DataPro. He has written several video-related books, including 3DTV Content Capture, Encoding, and Transmission: Building the Transport Infrastructure for Commercial Services (Wiley).

• Preface xi 1 Evolving Viewing Paradigms 11.1 Overview of the Evolving Environment 11.2 New Content Sources and Sinks 141.3 Technology Trends (Snapshot) 231.4 Revenue-Generation Trends 291.5 General Infrastructure Implications for Service Providers 291.6 Scope of the Investigation 362 An Overview of IPv6 452.1 Overview and Motivations 452.2 Address Capabilities 502.2.1 IPv4 Addressing and Issues 502.2.2 IPv6 Address Space 512.3 IPv6 Protocol Overview 562.4 Header Compression Schemes 662.5 Quality of Service (QoS) in IPv6 702.6 Migration Strategies to IPv6 712.6.1 Technical Approaches 712.6.2 Residential Broadband Services in an IPv6 Environment 752.6.3 Deployment Opportunities 763 An Overview of IP Multicast and Multicast Principles 953.1 Multicast Environment 953.2 Basic Multicast Concepts and Protocols 983.3 IP Multicast Addresses 1033.4 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) 1074 IPv6 Multicast Approaches 1154.1 Overview 1154.2 IPv6 Multicast Addresses 1164.3 Media Access Control (MAC) Layer Addresses Aspects 1184.4 Signaling 1194.5 Routing 1194.6 Rendezvous Point (RP) Approaches 1214.7 Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) 1234.7.1 Overview of MLDv1 1234.7.2 Message Format 1244.7.3 Protocol Description 1264.7.4 State Transition for Nodes 1284.7.5 State Transition for Routers 1304.7.6 Overview of MLDv2 1324.7.7 Source Filtering 1375 Evolving Traditional and Nontraditional TV Services 1395.1 Basic Services 1395.1.1 Distributed Content Service 1405.1.2 Interactive Services 1415.1.3 Public Interest Services 1425.2 Advanced Services 1425.2.1 Linear TV with Trick Mode 1435.2.2 Personal Video Recorder (PVR) Services 1435.2.3 Advertising Services 1445.2.4 Audience Measurement Information 1455.2.5 Interactive Services Requiring High Security 1456 IPTV Systems and Technologies 1476.1 Overview and Stakeholder Universe 1486.1.1 Definitions 1486.1.2 Services under Consideration 1506.1.3 IPTV Stakeholder Universe 1566.1.4 Market Scope 1576.1.5 Multicast Mechanisms 1596.2 IPTV Architectures and Architectural Requirements 1606.3 QoE and QoS 1666.3.1 QoE Aspects 1666.3.2 QoS Aspects 1736.4 Service Security and Content Protection 1766.5 IPTV Networks 1766.5.1 IPTV Multicast Frameworks 1836.5.2 Control and Signaling Aspects 1866.5.3 Content Delivery 1876.6 End Systems and Interoperability Aspects 1886.6.1 IPTV Terminal Devices 1886.6.2 Home Network 1996.6.3 Audience Information 2026.7 Middleware, Application, and Content Platforms 2046.7.1 IPTV Metadata 2046.7.2 IPTV Middleware Architecture 2066.7.3 Content Provisioning 2086.7.4 Service Discovery 2086.7.5 Service Navigation 2106.7.6 Electronic Program Guide 2126.7.7 User Profiles 2136.7.8 Protocol Support Machinery for Middleware, Application, and Content Platforms 2146.8 IPTV Standards: A Comprehensive Process 2176.8.1 ITU-T 2186.8.2 ATIS IPTV Interoperability Forum (IIF) 2206.8.3 Commercial Products and Interworking 2267 Technologies for Internet-Based TV 2407.1 Streaming 2407.1.1 Real-Time Transport Protocol/Real-Time Streaming Protocol (RTP/RTSP) 2437.1.2 Apple HTTP Live Streaming 2487.1.3 HTTP Flash Progressive Download 2527.2 Content Delivery Networks 2527.3 P2P Networks 2567.4 Cloud Computing 2577.5 Core Internet Technologies 2607.5.1 Very High-Capacity Backbone Networks, Transmission 2607.5.2 Very High-Capacity Backbone Networks, Routing 2687.5.3 Terrestrial Trends in Access Networks 2697.6 Storage Technologies to Support IBTV 2827.7 Service Provider Strategies for NTTV 2947.7.1 Overview 2947.7.2 Discussion 2968 Nontraditional Video Display and Content Sources 3088.1 NTTV Trends 3088.2 NTTV Display Units 3098.3 NTTV Content Sources 3118.3.1 Hulu 3168.3.2 Apple 3168.3.3 Boxee 3168.3.4 Clicker 3198.3.5 Revision3 Internet Television 3198.3.6 Next New Networks 3218.3.7 UltraViolet 3218.3.8 Netflix 322References 323Glossary 324Index 390About the Author 407

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Daniel Minoli has done extensive work in video engineering, design, and implementation over the years at several organizations including Telcordia (Bellcore), Stevens Institute of Technology, AT&T, and Gartner/DataPro. He has written several video-related books, including 3DTV Content Capture, Encoding, and Transmission: Building the Transport Infrastructure for Commercial Services (Wiley).

• Preface xi 1 Evolving Viewing Paradigms 11.1 Overview of the Evolving Environment 11.2 New Content Sources and Sinks 141.3 Technology Trends (Snapshot) 231.4 Revenue-Generation Trends 291.5 General Infrastructure Implications for Service Providers 291.6 Scope of the Investigation 362 An Overview of IPv6 452.1 Overview and Motivations 452.2 Address Capabilities 502.2.1 IPv4 Addressing and Issues 502.2.2 IPv6 Address Space 512.3 IPv6 Protocol Overview 562.4 Header Compression Schemes 662.5 Quality of Service (QoS) in IPv6 702.6 Migration Strategies to IPv6 712.6.1 Technical Approaches 712.6.2 Residential Broadband Services in an IPv6 Environment 752.6.3 Deployment Opportunities 763 An Overview of IP Multicast and Multicast Principles 953.1 Multicast Environment 953.2 Basic Multicast Concepts and Protocols 983.3 IP Multicast Addresses 1033.4 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) 1074 IPv6 Multicast Approaches 1154.1 Overview 1154.2 IPv6 Multicast Addresses 1164.3 Media Access Control (MAC) Layer Addresses Aspects 1184.4 Signaling 1194.5 Routing 1194.6 Rendezvous Point (RP) Approaches 1214.7 Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) 1234.7.1 Overview of MLDv1 1234.7.2 Message Format 1244.7.3 Protocol Description 1264.7.4 State Transition for Nodes 1284.7.5 State Transition for Routers 1304.7.6 Overview of MLDv2 1324.7.7 Source Filtering 1375 Evolving Traditional and Nontraditional TV Services 1395.1 Basic Services 1395.1.1 Distributed Content Service 1405.1.2 Interactive Services 1415.1.3 Public Interest Services 1425.2 Advanced Services 1425.2.1 Linear TV with Trick Mode 1435.2.2 Personal Video Recorder (PVR) Services 1435.2.3 Advertising Services 1445.2.4 Audience Measurement Information 1455.2.5 Interactive Services Requiring High Security 1456 IPTV Systems and Technologies 1476.1 Overview and Stakeholder Universe 1486.1.1 Definitions 1486.1.2 Services under Consideration 1506.1.3 IPTV Stakeholder Universe 1566.1.4 Market Scope 1576.1.5 Multicast Mechanisms 1596.2 IPTV Architectures and Architectural Requirements 1606.3 QoE and QoS 1666.3.1 QoE Aspects 1666.3.2 QoS Aspects 1736.4 Service Security and Content Protection 1766.5 IPTV Networks 1766.5.1 IPTV Multicast Frameworks 1836.5.2 Control and Signaling Aspects 1866.5.3 Content Delivery 1876.6 End Systems and Interoperability Aspects 1886.6.1 IPTV Terminal Devices 1886.6.2 Home Network 1996.6.3 Audience Information 2026.7 Middleware, Application, and Content Platforms 2046.7.1 IPTV Metadata 2046.7.2 IPTV Middleware Architecture 2066.7.3 Content Provisioning 2086.7.4 Service Discovery 2086.7.5 Service Navigation 2106.7.6 Electronic Program Guide 2126.7.7 User Profiles 2136.7.8 Protocol Support Machinery for Middleware, Application, and Content Platforms 2146.8 IPTV Standards: A Comprehensive Process 2176.8.1 ITU-T 2186.8.2 ATIS IPTV Interoperability Forum (IIF) 2206.8.3 Commercial Products and Interworking 2267 Technologies for Internet-Based TV 2407.1 Streaming 2407.1.1 Real-Time Transport Protocol/Real-Time Streaming Protocol (RTP/RTSP) 2437.1.2 Apple HTTP Live Streaming 2487.1.3 HTTP Flash Progressive Download 2527.2 Content Delivery Networks 2527.3 P2P Networks 2567.4 Cloud Computing 2577.5 Core Internet Technologies 2607.5.1 Very High-Capacity Backbone Networks, Transmission 2607.5.2 Very High-Capacity Backbone Networks, Routing 2687.5.3 Terrestrial Trends in Access Networks 2697.6 Storage Technologies to Support IBTV 2827.7 Service Provider Strategies for NTTV 2947.7.1 Overview 2947.7.2 Discussion 2968 Nontraditional Video Display and Content Sources 3088.1 NTTV Trends 3088.2 NTTV Display Units 3098.3 NTTV Content Sources 3118.3.1 Hulu 3168.3.2 Apple 3168.3.3 Boxee 3168.3.4 Clicker 3198.3.5 Revision3 Internet Television 3198.3.6 Next New Networks 3218.3.7 UltraViolet 3218.3.8 Netflix 322References 323Glossary 324Index 390About the Author 407

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Daniel Minoli has done extensive work in video engineering, design, and implementation over the years at several organizations including Telcordia (Bellcore), Stevens Institute of Technology, AT&T, and Gartner/DataPro. He has written several video-related books, including 3DTV Content Capture, Encoding, and Transmission: Building the Transport Infrastructure for Commercial Services (Wiley).

• Preface xi 1 Evolving Viewing Paradigms 11.1 Overview of the Evolving Environment 11.2 New Content Sources and Sinks 141.3 Technology Trends (Snapshot) 231.4 Revenue-Generation Trends 291.5 General Infrastructure Implications for Service Providers 291.6 Scope of the Investigation 362 An Overview of IPv6 452.1 Overview and Motivations 452.2 Address Capabilities 502.2.1 IPv4 Addressing and Issues 502.2.2 IPv6 Address Space 512.3 IPv6 Protocol Overview 562.4 Header Compression Schemes 662.5 Quality of Service (QoS) in IPv6 702.6 Migration Strategies to IPv6 712.6.1 Technical Approaches 712.6.2 Residential Broadband Services in an IPv6 Environment 752.6.3 Deployment Opportunities 763 An Overview of IP Multicast and Multicast Principles 953.1 Multicast Environment 953.2 Basic Multicast Concepts and Protocols 983.3 IP Multicast Addresses 1033.4 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) 1074 IPv6 Multicast Approaches 1154.1 Overview 1154.2 IPv6 Multicast Addresses 1164.3 Media Access Control (MAC) Layer Addresses Aspects 1184.4 Signaling 1194.5 Routing 1194.6 Rendezvous Point (RP) Approaches 1214.7 Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) 1234.7.1 Overview of MLDv1 1234.7.2 Message Format 1244.7.3 Protocol Description 1264.7.4 State Transition for Nodes 1284.7.5 State Transition for Routers 1304.7.6 Overview of MLDv2 1324.7.7 Source Filtering 1375 Evolving Traditional and Nontraditional TV Services 1395.1 Basic Services 1395.1.1 Distributed Content Service 1405.1.2 Interactive Services 1415.1.3 Public Interest Services 1425.2 Advanced Services 1425.2.1 Linear TV with Trick Mode 1435.2.2 Personal Video Recorder (PVR) Services 1435.2.3 Advertising Services 1445.2.4 Audience Measurement Information 1455.2.5 Interactive Services Requiring High Security 1456 IPTV Systems and Technologies 1476.1 Overview and Stakeholder Universe 1486.1.1 Definitions 1486.1.2 Services under Consideration 1506.1.3 IPTV Stakeholder Universe 1566.1.4 Market Scope 1576.1.5 Multicast Mechanisms 1596.2 IPTV Architectures and Architectural Requirements 1606.3 QoE and QoS 1666.3.1 QoE Aspects 1666.3.2 QoS Aspects 1736.4 Service Security and Content Protection 1766.5 IPTV Networks 1766.5.1 IPTV Multicast Frameworks 1836.5.2 Control and Signaling Aspects 1866.5.3 Content Delivery 1876.6 End Systems and Interoperability Aspects 1886.6.1 IPTV Terminal Devices 1886.6.2 Home Network 1996.6.3 Audience Information 2026.7 Middleware, Application, and Content Platforms 2046.7.1 IPTV Metadata 2046.7.2 IPTV Middleware Architecture 2066.7.3 Content Provisioning 2086.7.4 Service Discovery 2086.7.5 Service Navigation 2106.7.6 Electronic Program Guide 2126.7.7 User Profiles 2136.7.8 Protocol Support Machinery for Middleware, Application, and Content Platforms 2146.8 IPTV Standards: A Comprehensive Process 2176.8.1 ITU-T 2186.8.2 ATIS IPTV Interoperability Forum (IIF) 2206.8.3 Commercial Products and Interworking 2267 Technologies for Internet-Based TV 2407.1 Streaming 2407.1.1 Real-Time Transport Protocol/Real-Time Streaming Protocol (RTP/RTSP) 2437.1.2 Apple HTTP Live Streaming 2487.1.3 HTTP Flash Progressive Download 2527.2 Content Delivery Networks 2527.3 P2P Networks 2567.4 Cloud Computing 2577.5 Core Internet Technologies 2607.5.1 Very High-Capacity Backbone Networks, Transmission 2607.5.2 Very High-Capacity Backbone Networks, Routing 2687.5.3 Terrestrial Trends in Access Networks 2697.6 Storage Technologies to Support IBTV 2827.7 Service Provider Strategies for NTTV 2947.7.1 Overview 2947.7.2 Discussion 2968 Nontraditional Video Display and Content Sources 3088.1 NTTV Trends 3088.2 NTTV Display Units 3098.3 NTTV Content Sources 3118.3.1 Hulu 3168.3.2 Apple 3168.3.3 Boxee 3168.3.4 Clicker 3198.3.5 Revision3 Internet Television 3198.3.6 Next New Networks 3218.3.7 UltraViolet 3218.3.8 Netflix 322References 323Glossary 324Index 390About the Author 407

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