Yuhe Liao, PhD, is Professor at Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences. His research interests focus on heterogeneous catalysis and sustainable chemistry, including biomass conversion, CO2 and solid waste valorisation.Bert F. Sels, PhD, is Professor and head of Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering at KU Leuven, Belgium. Professor Sels research activities cover the field of heterogeneous catalysis for future challenges in industrial organic and environmental catalysis.

• Preface xv Acknowledgments and Conflict of Interest xvii1 A Brief Introduction of Lignin 1Yuhe Liao2 NMR Characterization of Lignin 15Cheng-Ye Ma, Ying Xu, Ling-Hua Xu, Chen Zhang, Ji-Yun Qi and Jia-Long Wen3 Advances in the Molar Mass and Functionality Analysis of Lignin 61Oliver Musl and Antje Potthast4 Degradative Methods for Lignin Valorization 85Elisabetta Borsella, Pietro Colucci, Giuseppe Lembo and Heiko Lange5 Isolation of Native-Like Lignin 139Zhiwen Wang, Yiwei Fan and Peter J. Deuss6 Isolation of Lignin in the Biorefinery Process 163Qian Xu and Ling-Ping Xiao7 Gasification and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) from Lignin 183Subhashini, Michal Jeremias and Vineet Singh Sikarwar8 Enzymatic and Microbial Bioconversion of Lignin to Renewable Chemicals 203Timothy D.H. Bugg, Victoria Sodré, Awatif Alruwaili and Goran M.M. Rashid9 Approaches to the Oxidative Depolymerization of Lignin 231Elena Subbotina, Shannon S. Stahl, Paul Anastas and Joseph S.M. Samec10 Photocatalytic Conversion of Lignin 265Xuejiao Wu, Shunji Xie and Ye Wang11 Electrochemical Conversion for Lignin Valorization 295Qi Zhu, Mahlet Garedew, Bing Song, Yuliang Li and Jason Chun-Ho Lam12 Recent Advances in Thermoset and Thermoplastic Polymeric Materials Produced using Technical and Depolymerized Native Lignins 327Kirk M. Torr, Oliver J. Driscoll, Daniel J. van de Pas and Elias Feghali 13 Advances in Preparation and Applications of Lignin Nanoparticles 369Mika H. Sipponen and Liyang Liu14 Carbon (Nano)Fibers and Carbon Materials from Lignin and Their Applications 401Muhammad Muddasar, Anne Beaucamp, Mark Vaughan, Misbah Mushtaq, Mario Culebras, Marina M. Leite, Tadhg Kennedy and Maurice N. Collins15 Lignin-based Hydrogel: Mechanism, Properties, and Applications 433Qiang Wang, Baobin Wang, Jiachuan Chen, Guihua Yang, Lei Zhang, Kefeng Liu, Qimeng Jiang and Pedram Fatehi References 461Index 469