Kinematic Analysis of Human Movement

Laurence CHEZE, Engineer in Mechanics, Ph.D. in Biomechanics, Professor at University of Lyon (France) where she is responsible of the Biomechanics specialty of the Master degree. She has been an active researcher in the field of biomechanics since the 1990s, involved in many research projects conducted with academic and industrial partners which applications where mainly in orthopedics and rehabilitation. She organized several international congresses, and is reviewer for many international journals and research projects. Author of approximately 80 papers in archive journals and ex-president of the french Society of Biomechanics, her main fields of interest are multi-body modeling of the musculo-skeletal system, 3D motion experimental measurement and analysis for both fundamental research and clinical investigations. Until now, she has supervised 38 students in MSc and 20 students in Ph.D on these topics.

• FOREWORD ixCHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION AND STATE OF THE ART 11.1. Historical benchmarks 21.2. Current needs in different domains 91.2.1. Simulation of movement in ergonomics 91.2.2. The command of humanoid robots 111.2.3. The analysis of sporting movements 131.2.4. Clinical applications of movement analysis 14CHAPTER 2. THE DIFFERENT MOVEMENT ANALYSIS DEVICES AVAILABLE ON THE MARKET 172.1. Which tools for different applications? 172.2. Optical capture systems and passive tags 242.2.1. Working principle of an optical system with passive markers    242.2.2. Implementation steps of an experimental protocol using this type of system 30CHAPTER 3. FROM MEASUREMENT TO INTERPRETATION 353.1. The different parameters 353.2. Recommendations by the International Society of Biomechanics to standardize the presentation of joint angles 493.3. Joint translations or displacements 54CHAPTER 4. ERRORS IN MEASUREMENT  594.1. Instrumental errors  594.2. Experimental errors  604.2.1. Soft tissue artifacts 614.3. Error in locating anatomical landmarks 684.3.1. Assessment 684.3.2. Sensitivity of joint kinematics to these errors 71CHAPTER 5. SOME CLINICAL APPLICATIONS  735.1. Evolution of biomechanical parameters of gait in infants, from first steps to 7 years old 745.1.1. Materials and methods    745.1.2. Results and discussion    765.2. Upper limb, assessment of functional movements 815.3. Mobility of a healthy cervical spine 875.3.1. Materials and methods    875.3.2. Results and discussion    915.4. Changes in the three-dimensional kinematics of the knee with medial compartment arthrosis  945.4.1. Materials and methods    955.4.2. Results and discussion    99CONCLUSION AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES 103BIBLIOGRAPHY  107INDEX   129