Robert E. Gutsche, Jr. is Senior Lecturer in Critical Digital Media Practice at Lancaster University, UK. He is author or editor of The Trump Presidency, Journalism, and Democracy; Reimaging Journalism and Social Order in a Fragmented Media World; and Geographies of Journalism, all published by Routledge.Bonnie Brennen is Professor Emerita at Marquette University, USA. Her research addresses relationships between media, culture, technology, and society. She is the author or editor of seven books and one novel and her research has also been published in academic journals and edited books.

• INTRODUCTION Journalism Research in Practice: Strategies, Innovation, and Approaches to Change1. Hero or Anti-Hero? Journalists and their Stories2. Journalists’ Perceptions of Mass Shooting Coverage and Factors Influencing Those Perceptions3. Media Criticism from the Far-Right: Attacking from Many Angles4. Public Media and Marginalized Publics: Online and Offline Engagement Strategies and Local Storytelling Networks5: “Listen First, Then Ask!” Listening-based Journalistic Questioning Training Methods6: “I Was Doing a Good Deed”: Exploring the Motivations of Photo Story Subjects in Granting Photojournalists Access7: Is Journalism Going Global? Finding Answers in Quantitative Studies Employing the Concepts of the “Culture Peg” and the “Culture Link”8: Challenging Data-Driven Journalism9: A Tale of Two Tragedies: Culpability and Innocence in American Journalism10: Five Things We Should Learn from the Messiness of Participation11: Disruptive Media Events: Balancing Editorial Control and Open Dissent in the Aftermath of Terror12: Insights from a Comparative Study into Convergence Culture in European Newsrooms13: Automating Complex News Stories by Capturing News Events as Data14: Remaining in Control with an Illusion of Interactivity: The Paternalistic Side of Data Journalism15: “Don’t be Stupid.” The Role of Social Media Policies in Journalistic Boundary-Setting16: What a Story! Interpretative Rhetoric in News Media’s Facebook Updates17: How Engagement with Journalists on Twitter Reduces Public Perceptions of Media Bias18: Fact-checkers as Entrepreneurs19: Careers in Modern Professional Journalism: A Case Study of NYC Journalist Network Histories 2011–201520: From Analog Dollars to Digital Dimes: A Look into the Performance of US Newspapers21: The Two Faces of Janus: Web Analytics Companies and the Shifting Culture of News22: Where Do Facts Matter? The Digital Paradox in Magazines’ Fact-checking Processes23: Entrepreneurs and Idealists — Freelance Journalists at the Intersection of Autonomy and Constraints24: Ethical Boundaries among Freelance Journalists25: Total Eclipse of the Social: What Journalism Can Learn from the Fundamentals of Facebook26: Pushy or a Princess? Women Experts and UK Broadcast News27: Local Journalism and the Information Needs of Local Communities: Toward a Scalable Assessment Approach28: Solutions Journalism: The Effects of Including Solution Information in News Stories About Social Problems

Robert E. Gutsche, Jr. is Senior Lecturer in Critical Digital Media Practice at Lancaster University, UK. He is author or editor of The Trump Presidency, Journalism, and Democracy; Reimaging Journalism and Social Order in a Fragmented Media World; and Geographies of Journalism, all published by Routledge.Bonnie Brennen is Professor Emerita at Marquette University, USA. Her research addresses relationships between media, culture, technology, and society. She is the author or editor of seven books and one novel and her research has also been published in academic journals and edited books.

• INTRODUCTION Journalism Research in Practice: Strategies, Innovation, and Approaches to Change1. Hero or Anti-Hero? Journalists and their Stories2. Journalists’ Perceptions of Mass Shooting Coverage and Factors Influencing Those Perceptions3. Media Criticism from the Far-Right: Attacking from Many Angles4. Public Media and Marginalized Publics: Online and Offline Engagement Strategies and Local Storytelling Networks5: “Listen First, Then Ask!” Listening-based Journalistic Questioning Training Methods6: “I Was Doing a Good Deed”: Exploring the Motivations of Photo Story Subjects in Granting Photojournalists Access7: Is Journalism Going Global? Finding Answers in Quantitative Studies Employing the Concepts of the “Culture Peg” and the “Culture Link”8: Challenging Data-Driven Journalism9: A Tale of Two Tragedies: Culpability and Innocence in American Journalism10: Five Things We Should Learn from the Messiness of Participation11: Disruptive Media Events: Balancing Editorial Control and Open Dissent in the Aftermath of Terror12: Insights from a Comparative Study into Convergence Culture in European Newsrooms13: Automating Complex News Stories by Capturing News Events as Data14: Remaining in Control with an Illusion of Interactivity: The Paternalistic Side of Data Journalism15: “Don’t be Stupid.” The Role of Social Media Policies in Journalistic Boundary-Setting16: What a Story! Interpretative Rhetoric in News Media’s Facebook Updates17: How Engagement with Journalists on Twitter Reduces Public Perceptions of Media Bias18: Fact-checkers as Entrepreneurs19: Careers in Modern Professional Journalism: A Case Study of NYC Journalist Network Histories 2011–201520: From Analog Dollars to Digital Dimes: A Look into the Performance of US Newspapers21: The Two Faces of Janus: Web Analytics Companies and the Shifting Culture of News22: Where Do Facts Matter? The Digital Paradox in Magazines’ Fact-checking Processes23: Entrepreneurs and Idealists — Freelance Journalists at the Intersection of Autonomy and Constraints24: Ethical Boundaries among Freelance Journalists25: Total Eclipse of the Social: What Journalism Can Learn from the Fundamentals of Facebook26: Pushy or a Princess? Women Experts and UK Broadcast News27: Local Journalism and the Information Needs of Local Communities: Toward a Scalable Assessment Approach28: Solutions Journalism: The Effects of Including Solution Information in News Stories About Social Problems

Robert E. Gutsche, Jr. is Senior Lecturer in Critical Digital Media Practice at Lancaster University, UK. He is author or editor of The Trump Presidency, Journalism, and Democracy; Reimaging Journalism and Social Order in a Fragmented Media World; and Geographies of Journalism, all published by Routledge.Bonnie Brennen is Professor Emerita at Marquette University, USA. Her research addresses relationships between media, culture, technology, and society. She is the author or editor of seven books and one novel and her research has also been published in academic journals and edited books.

• INTRODUCTION Journalism Research in Practice: Strategies, Innovation, and Approaches to Change1. Hero or Anti-Hero? Journalists and their Stories2. Journalists’ Perceptions of Mass Shooting Coverage and Factors Influencing Those Perceptions3. Media Criticism from the Far-Right: Attacking from Many Angles4. Public Media and Marginalized Publics: Online and Offline Engagement Strategies and Local Storytelling Networks5: “Listen First, Then Ask!” Listening-based Journalistic Questioning Training Methods6: “I Was Doing a Good Deed”: Exploring the Motivations of Photo Story Subjects in Granting Photojournalists Access7: Is Journalism Going Global? Finding Answers in Quantitative Studies Employing the Concepts of the “Culture Peg” and the “Culture Link”8: Challenging Data-Driven Journalism9: A Tale of Two Tragedies: Culpability and Innocence in American Journalism10: Five Things We Should Learn from the Messiness of Participation11: Disruptive Media Events: Balancing Editorial Control and Open Dissent in the Aftermath of Terror12: Insights from a Comparative Study into Convergence Culture in European Newsrooms13: Automating Complex News Stories by Capturing News Events as Data14: Remaining in Control with an Illusion of Interactivity: The Paternalistic Side of Data Journalism15: “Don’t be Stupid.” The Role of Social Media Policies in Journalistic Boundary-Setting16: What a Story! Interpretative Rhetoric in News Media’s Facebook Updates17: How Engagement with Journalists on Twitter Reduces Public Perceptions of Media Bias18: Fact-checkers as Entrepreneurs19: Careers in Modern Professional Journalism: A Case Study of NYC Journalist Network Histories 2011–201520: From Analog Dollars to Digital Dimes: A Look into the Performance of US Newspapers21: The Two Faces of Janus: Web Analytics Companies and the Shifting Culture of News22: Where Do Facts Matter? The Digital Paradox in Magazines’ Fact-checking Processes23: Entrepreneurs and Idealists — Freelance Journalists at the Intersection of Autonomy and Constraints24: Ethical Boundaries among Freelance Journalists25: Total Eclipse of the Social: What Journalism Can Learn from the Fundamentals of Facebook26: Pushy or a Princess? Women Experts and UK Broadcast News27: Local Journalism and the Information Needs of Local Communities: Toward a Scalable Assessment Approach28: Solutions Journalism: The Effects of Including Solution Information in News Stories About Social Problems