Joining the Fray

• Contents: The puzzle and importance of military intervention in civil wars; Why states join civil wars: revealed information and commitment problems; The Hungarian revolution (1848-49): unexpected defeats and nagging commitment problems; The Lebanese civil war (1975-90): revealed information, commitment problems or pretexts?; The First and Second Congo wars (1996-2003): ethnic ties, refugee flows and commitment problems; The Afghan civil war (1978-2001): invasion versus military aid; Conclusions, extensions, implications for policy and avenues for future research; Bibliography; Index.

’Applying the insights of his first book on joining and interstate wars now to the domain of civil wars, Shirkey provides a detailed and convincing account of how revealed information and commitment problems affect intervention in civil wars. A must-read for anyone interested in understanding why civil conflicts sometimes spread and sometimes do not.’ Page Fortna, Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies, Columbia University, USA ’Why and when do states intervene militarily in ongoing civil wars? Through careful theorizing that highlights the role of revealed information and commitment problems, and in-depth case studies that span nearly two centuries, Shirkey provides a new answer to a question of great importance for both theory and policy. Joining the Fray is required reading for students of civil war.’ Jack S. Levy, Rutgers University, USA ’Despite their name, civil wars rarely are completely contained within a single state, a fact we often neglect. Shirkey does not. With clear logic and careful case-studies he shows that whether outsiders join is influenced by pre-existing factors, like geography, great power status and alliances, and by developments during the war, particularly surprises on the battlefield and expectations about how the winner might behave later. This is an important study.’ Robert Jervis, Columbia University, USA '... Shirkey develops a theory whose main hypothesis contends that revealed information and commitment problems account for changes in interventionist attitudes ... The theory also acknowledges the role of alliances and institutional patterns of interaction, as well as elements of strategy delay. In doing so, the book becomes a significant and intellectually refreshing addition to the existing literature.' Journal of Peace Research