James W. Heinzen is Professor of History at Rowan University in Glassboro, New Jersey.

James W. Heinzen’s work fills a significant gap in the extensive historiography of the New Economic Policy (NEP) . . . The book studies the organization and staffing of NKZem RSFSR, offers some memorable portraits of its leading figures, especially its head, Alexander Petrovich Smirnov, and delves into the complexity of policy making in this era and the clash of institutional interests that had a major impact on policy. . . . Heinzen makes a convincing case that Smirnov and the specialists in NKZem RSFSR were one of the major sources of ideas and policies for the ‘Rightists’ within the party leadership. . . . The book is distinguished by its thoroughness, and by its cool and balanced judgment. . . . This study brings out the full complexity of the Bolshevik regime, its dilemmas, and its internal contraditions."" - American Historical Review""James W. Heinzen's fine study of the Commissariat of Agriculture (Narkomzem) focuses on the contradictory processes of Soviet state building in the countryside. Particularly important are Heinzen's insights into the activities of Aleksandr P. Smirnov, a major champion and theorist of the New Economic Policy. Smirnov and the Commissariat have remained relatively obscure to historians of the period who, while concentrating on the party, have underrated the complex relations between state commissariats, the Communist Party, and the population. . . . Heinzen makes effective use of state and party archives to detail the Commissariat's affiliation with the rightt wing of the party, emphasizing both the degree to which the right was entrenched in the state bureaucracy, and, paradoxically, its vulnerability even at the height of NEP. . . . Heinzen's clear, well-documented book makes a substantial contribution to the scholarship on the early Soviet state."" - Slavic Review""This is an extremely valuable and well-researched account of an understudied aspect of Russian post-revolutionary history, skillfully weaving together institutional, economic and political history."" - Revolutionary Russia""No other book has taken so close a look at the arguements about peasant land use that were centered in the commissariat in this period. . . . Highly recommended."" - Choice""In coming to power and surviving a devastating civil war, the Bolsheviks faced the daunting task of working out and implementing ideologically inspired policies to transform the underdeveloped Soviet countryside. . . . Avoiding neat generalizations, Heinzen does justice to the complexity of the period that ended with forced collectivization, a purge of Narkomzem, and the Stalin faction’s consolidation of power."" - Donald J. Raleigh, University of North Carolina""Makes a significant and lasting contribution to our understanding of the history and development of the Russo-Soviet state."" - Don K. Rowney, Bowling Green State University

James W. Heinzen is Professor of History at Rowan University in Glassboro, New Jersey.

James W. Heinzen’s work fills a significant gap in the extensive historiography of the New Economic Policy (NEP) . . . The book studies the organization and staffing of NKZem RSFSR, offers some memorable portraits of its leading figures, especially its head, Alexander Petrovich Smirnov, and delves into the complexity of policy making in this era and the clash of institutional interests that had a major impact on policy. . . . Heinzen makes a convincing case that Smirnov and the specialists in NKZem RSFSR were one of the major sources of ideas and policies for the ‘Rightists’ within the party leadership. . . . The book is distinguished by its thoroughness, and by its cool and balanced judgment. . . . This study brings out the full complexity of the Bolshevik regime, its dilemmas, and its internal contraditions."" - American Historical Review""James W. Heinzen's fine study of the Commissariat of Agriculture (Narkomzem) focuses on the contradictory processes of Soviet state building in the countryside. Particularly important are Heinzen's insights into the activities of Aleksandr P. Smirnov, a major champion and theorist of the New Economic Policy. Smirnov and the Commissariat have remained relatively obscure to historians of the period who, while concentrating on the party, have underrated the complex relations between state commissariats, the Communist Party, and the population. . . . Heinzen makes effective use of state and party archives to detail the Commissariat's affiliation with the rightt wing of the party, emphasizing both the degree to which the right was entrenched in the state bureaucracy, and, paradoxically, its vulnerability even at the height of NEP. . . . Heinzen's clear, well-documented book makes a substantial contribution to the scholarship on the early Soviet state."" - Slavic Review""This is an extremely valuable and well-researched account of an understudied aspect of Russian post-revolutionary history, skillfully weaving together institutional, economic and political history."" - Revolutionary Russia""No other book has taken so close a look at the arguements about peasant land use that were centered in the commissariat in this period. . . . Highly recommended."" - Choice""In coming to power and surviving a devastating civil war, the Bolsheviks faced the daunting task of working out and implementing ideologically inspired policies to transform the underdeveloped Soviet countryside. . . . Avoiding neat generalizations, Heinzen does justice to the complexity of the period that ended with forced collectivization, a purge of Narkomzem, and the Stalin faction’s consolidation of power."" - Donald J. Raleigh, University of North Carolina""Makes a significant and lasting contribution to our understanding of the history and development of the Russo-Soviet state."" - Don K. Rowney, Bowling Green State University

James W. Heinzen is Professor of History at Rowan University in Glassboro, New Jersey.

James W. Heinzen’s work fills a significant gap in the extensive historiography of the New Economic Policy (NEP) . . . The book studies the organization and staffing of NKZem RSFSR, offers some memorable portraits of its leading figures, especially its head, Alexander Petrovich Smirnov, and delves into the complexity of policy making in this era and the clash of institutional interests that had a major impact on policy. . . . Heinzen makes a convincing case that Smirnov and the specialists in NKZem RSFSR were one of the major sources of ideas and policies for the ‘Rightists’ within the party leadership. . . . The book is distinguished by its thoroughness, and by its cool and balanced judgment. . . . This study brings out the full complexity of the Bolshevik regime, its dilemmas, and its internal contraditions."" - American Historical Review""James W. Heinzen's fine study of the Commissariat of Agriculture (Narkomzem) focuses on the contradictory processes of Soviet state building in the countryside. Particularly important are Heinzen's insights into the activities of Aleksandr P. Smirnov, a major champion and theorist of the New Economic Policy. Smirnov and the Commissariat have remained relatively obscure to historians of the period who, while concentrating on the party, have underrated the complex relations between state commissariats, the Communist Party, and the population. . . . Heinzen makes effective use of state and party archives to detail the Commissariat's affiliation with the rightt wing of the party, emphasizing both the degree to which the right was entrenched in the state bureaucracy, and, paradoxically, its vulnerability even at the height of NEP. . . . Heinzen's clear, well-documented book makes a substantial contribution to the scholarship on the early Soviet state."" - Slavic Review""This is an extremely valuable and well-researched account of an understudied aspect of Russian post-revolutionary history, skillfully weaving together institutional, economic and political history."" - Revolutionary Russia""No other book has taken so close a look at the arguements about peasant land use that were centered in the commissariat in this period. . . . Highly recommended."" - Choice""In coming to power and surviving a devastating civil war, the Bolsheviks faced the daunting task of working out and implementing ideologically inspired policies to transform the underdeveloped Soviet countryside. . . . Avoiding neat generalizations, Heinzen does justice to the complexity of the period that ended with forced collectivization, a purge of Narkomzem, and the Stalin faction’s consolidation of power."" - Donald J. Raleigh, University of North Carolina""Makes a significant and lasting contribution to our understanding of the history and development of the Russo-Soviet state."" - Don K. Rowney, Bowling Green State University