Introduction to Networks Labs and Study Guide (CCNAv7)

Allan Johnson entered the academic world in 1999 after 10 years as a business owner/operator to dedicate his efforts to his passion for teaching. He holds both an MBA and an M.Ed in occupational training and development. He taught a variety of technology courses to high school students and is an adjunct instructor at Del Mar College. Since 2006, Allan has worked full time for Cisco Networking Academy in several roles. He is currently engaged as Curriculum Lead.Cisco Networking Academy isan innovative Cisco education initiative that delivers information andcommunication technology skills to improve career and economic opportunitiesaround the world. The Academy provides online courses, interactive tools, andlab activities to prepare individuals for information technology and networkingcareers in virtually every industry.

• Introduction xxxChapter 1 Networking Today 1Networks Affect Our Lives 2Network Components 2Network Representations and Topologies 4Common Types of Networks 5Internet Connections 6Reliable Networks 8Network Trends 9Network Security 11The IT Professional 121.5.7 Packet Tracer—Network Representation 131.9.3 Lab—Research IT and Networking Job Opportunities 16Chapter 2 Basic Switch and End Device Configuration 19Cisco IOS Access 20IOS Navigation 21The Command Structure 23Basic Device Configuration 25Save Configurations 27Ports and Addresses 27Configure IP Addressing 28Verify Connectivity 30Command Reference 322.3.7 Packet Tracer—Navigate the IOS 332.3.8 Lab—Navigate the IOS by Using Tera Term for Console Connectivity 382.5.5 Packet Tracer—Configure Initial Switch Settings 452.7.6 Packet Tracer—Implement Basic Connectivity 502.9.1 Packet Tracer—Basic Switch and End Device Configuration 532.9.2 Lab—Basic Switch and End Device Configuration 55Chapter 3 Protocols and Models 59The Rules 60Protocols 61Protocol Suites 63Standards Organizations 66Reference Models 68Data Encapsulation 69Data Access 713.0.3 Class Activity—Design a Communications System 733.4.4 Lab—Research Networking Standards 743.5.5 Packet Tracer—Investigate the TCP/IP and OSI Models in Action 773.7.9 Lab—Install Wireshark 823.7.10 Lab—Use Wireshark to View Network Traffic 84Chapter 4 Physical Layer 91Purpose of the Physical Layer 92Physical Layer Characteristics 92Copper Cabling 94UTP Cabling 96Fiber-Optic Cabling 97Wireless Media 994.6.5 Packet Tracer—Connect a Wired and Wireless LAN 1014.6.6 Lab—View Wired and Wireless NIC Information 1054.7.1 Packet Tracer—Connect the Physical Layer 109Chapter 5 Number Systems 115Binary Number System 116Hexadecimal Number System 118Chapter 6 Data Link Layer 123Purpose of the Data Link Layer 124Topologies 126Data Link Frame 128Chapter 7 Ethernet Switching 131Ethernet Frames 132Ethernet MAC Address 134The MAC Address Table 135Switch Speeds and Forwarding Methods 1407.1.6 Lab—Use Wireshark to Examine Ethernet Frames 1427.2.7 Lab—View Network Device MAC Addresses 1497.3.7 Lab—View the Switch MAC Address Table 155Chapter 8 Network Layer 159Network Layer Characteristics 160IPv4 Packet 161IPv6 Packet 163How a Host Routes 164Introduction to Routing 166Chapter 9 Address Resolution 171MAC and IP 172ARP 173IPv6 Neighbor Discovery 1759.1.3 Packet Tracer—Identify MAC and IP Addresses 1779.2.9 Packet Tracer—Examine the ARP Table 1819.3.4 Packet Tracer—IPv6 Neighbor Discovery 185Chapter 10 Basic Router Configuration 191Configure Initial Router Settings 192Configure Interfaces 194Configure the Default Gateway 196Command Reference 19710.1.4 Packet Tracer—Configure Initial Router Settings 19810.3.4 Packet Tracer—Connect a Router to a LAN 20210.3.5 Packet Tracer—Troubleshoot Default Gateway Issues 20710.4.3 Packet Tracer—Basic Device Configuration 21010.4.4 Lab—Build a Switch and Router Network 212Chapter 11 IPv4 Addressing 219IPv4 Address Structure 220IPv4 Unicast, Broadcast, and Multicast 224Types of IPv4 Addresses 224Network Segmentation 226Subnet an IPv4 Network 227VLSM Addressing Schemes 23111.5.5 Packet Tracer—Subnet an IPv4 Network 23611.6.6 Lab—Calculate IPv4 Subnets 24111.7.5 Packet Tracer—Subnetting Scenario 24511.9.3 Packet Tracer—VLSM Design and Implementation Practice 24911.10.1 Packet Tracer—Design and Implement a VLSM Addressing Scheme 25311.10.2 Lab—Design and Implement a VLSM Addressing Scheme 255Chapter 12 IPv6 Addressing 261IPv4 Issues 262IPv6 Address Representation 263IPv6 Address Types 263GUA and LLA Static Configuration 265Dynamic Addressing for IPv6 GUAs 267Dynamic Addressing for IPv6 LLAs 272IPv6 Multicast Addresses 272Subnet an IPv6 Network 27212.6.6 Packet Tracer—Configure IPv6 Addressing 27612.7.4 Lab—Identify IPv6 Addresses 28012.9.1 Packet Tracer—Implement a Subnetted IPv6 Addressing Scheme 28412.9.2 Lab—Configure IPv6 Addresses on Network Devices 286Chapter 13 ICMP 291ICMP Messages 292Ping and Traceroute Tests 296Command Reference 29713.2.6 Packet Tracer—Verify IPv4 and IPv6 Addressing 29713.2.7 Packet Tracer—Use Ping and Traceroute to Test Network Connectivity 30113.3.1 Packet Tracer—Use ICMP to Test and Correct Network Connectivity 30513.3.2 Lab—Use Ping and Traceroute to Test Network Connectivity 307Chapter 14 Transport Layer 319Transportation of Data 320TCP Overview 322UDP Overview 325Port Numbers 327TCP Communication Process 329Reliability and Flow Control 332UDP Communication 334Command Reference 33614.8.1 Packet Tracer—TCP and UDP Communications 336Chapter 15 Application Layer 343Application, Presentation, and Session 344Application Layer 344Peer-to-Peer 346Web and Email Protocols 347IP Addressing Services 349File Sharing Services 353Command Reference 35515.4.8 Lab—Observe DNS Resolution 355Chapter 16 Network Security Fundamentals 359Security Threats and Vulnerabilities 360Network Attacks 361Network Attack Mitigation 364Device Security 366Command Reference 36816.2.6 Lab—Research Network Security Threats 36816.4.6 Packet Tracer—Configure Secure Passwords and SSH 37216.4.7 Lab—Configure Network Devices with SSH 37516.5.1 Packet Tracer—Secure Network Devices 38116.5.1 Lab—Secure Network Devices 383Chapter 17 Build a Small Network 389Devices in a Small Network 390Small Network Applications and Protocols 392Scale to Larger Networks 394Verify Connectivity 395Host and IOS Commands 397Troubleshooting Methodologies 402Troubleshooting Scenarios 403Command Reference 40517.4.6 Lab—Test Network Latency with Ping and Traceroute 40617.5.9 Packet Tracer—Interpret show Command Output 41117.7.6 Lab—Troubleshoot Connectivity Issues 41317.7.7 Packet Tracer—Troubleshoot Connectivity Issues 41817.8.1 Lab—Design and Build a Small Network 42217.8.2 Packet Tracer—Skills Integration Challenge 42317.8.3 Packet Tracer—Troubleshooting Challenge 426