Claudio Gnoli is an academic librarian and researcher in knowledge organization at the University of Pavia, Italy. His work focuses on Knowledge organization theory and KO systems - especially faceted classification schemes - and their application to digital information systems. He is co-author of Interdisciplinary Knowledge Organization with R. Szostak and M. Lopez-Huertas (2016), co-editor of the ISKO Encyclopedia of Knowledge Organization and author of numerous journal articles, conference proceedings and four Italian-language titles. He is a member of the Scientific Advisory Council of the International Society for Knowledge Organization, and he serves on the editorial board of the Basel Register of Thesauri, Ontologies & Classifications (BARTOC).

• ContentsList of abbreviations1 Focusing the field1.1 What is knowledge?1.1.1 Knowledge as representation of networks1.1.2 Data, information, knowledge, understanding, wisdom1.1.3 Informational systems at various levels1.2 What is organization?1.3 What is knowledge organization (KO)?1.3.1 Personal and social knowledge1.3.2 Knowledge as recorded in documents1.3.3 Organizing public contents1.4 A brief history of KO1.4.1 KO in early civilizations1.4.2 KO in the ancient East1.4.3 KO in ancient Greece1.4.4 KO in the Middle Ages1.4.5 KO in early Modernity1.4.6 Classification in modern libraries1.4.7 KO in the Digital Age2 Theories of knowledge organization2.1 Theories are needed2.2 From precepts to concepts2.3 Bottom-up and top-down procedures2.4 The dimensions of knowledge2.4.1 User-based approaches2.4.2 Collection approaches2.4.3 Documental approaches2.4.4 Perspective approaches2.4.5 Phenomenon approaches3 Structural principles in knowledge organization3.1 Words in natural language3.2 Terms in controlled vocabularies3.3 Lists3.3.1 Alphabetical vs systematic order3.3.2 Literary warrant3.3.3 Canonical sequence3.3.4 Increasing complexity3.3.5 Quantitative measure3.3.6 Spatial contiguity3.3.7 Later-in-evolution3.3.8 Later-in-time3.4 Hierarchies3.4.1 Types3.4.2 Parts3.4.3 Instances3.5 Facets3.5.1 Fundamental categories3.5.2 Citation order of facets3.5.3 Sources of foci3.5.4 Common facets3.6 Themes3.4.1 Base theme and particular themes3.4.2 Phase relationships and free facets3.4.3 Rhemes3.4.4 How much syntax is needed?4 Knowledge organization systems (KOS)4.1 The notion of KOS4.2 The collection dimension of a KOS4.3 Special and general KOS4.4 KOS types4.4.1 Keyword systems and folksonomies4.4.2 Taxonomies4.4.3 Subject heading lists4.4.4 Thesauri4.4.5 Classification schemes4.4.6 Ontologies5 Representation of knowledge organization structures5.1 Headings in paper catalogues catalogs and indexes5.2 Subject authority data in bibliographic databases5.3 Subject metadata of digital documents5.4 The Semantic Web and linked data5.5 KOSs as linked data6 Applying knowledge organization6.1 Organizing phenomena6.2 Organizing educational and reference contents6.3 Indexing documents6.3.1 Content analysis6.3.2 Content representation6.3.3 Automatic methods6.3.4 Non-textual documents6.4 Organizing collections6.5 KO in the digital environment6.5.1 Applying KO to digital documents6.5.2 Problems and benefits of digital KO6.5.3 Designing organized interfaces6.6 ConclusionReferencesIndex

'Gnoli's text is a well-written, brief, but mighty introduction to knowledge organisation. This book should be acquired by instructors and students of information organization courses who not only want an overview of knowledge organization concepts but want to deepen their understanding of answers to a range of theoretical and practical questions in the field'. - Technical Services Quarterly

Claudio Gnoli is an academic librarian and researcher in knowledge organization at the University of Pavia, Italy. His work focuses on Knowledge organization theory and KO systems - especially faceted classification schemes - and their application to digital information systems. He is co-author of Interdisciplinary Knowledge Organization with R. Szostak and M. Lopez-Huertas (2016), co-editor of the ISKO Encyclopedia of Knowledge Organization and author of numerous journal articles, conference proceedings and four Italian-language titles. He is a member of the Scientific Advisory Council of the International Society for Knowledge Organization, and he serves on the editorial board of the Basel Register of Thesauri, Ontologies & Classifications (BARTOC).

• ContentsList of abbreviations1 Focusing the field1.1 What is knowledge?1.1.1 Knowledge as representation of networks1.1.2 Data, information, knowledge, understanding, wisdom1.1.3 Informational systems at various levels1.2 What is organization?1.3 What is knowledge organization (KO)?1.3.1 Personal and social knowledge1.3.2 Knowledge as recorded in documents1.3.3 Organizing public contents1.4 A brief history of KO1.4.1 KO in early civilizations1.4.2 KO in the ancient East1.4.3 KO in ancient Greece1.4.4 KO in the Middle Ages1.4.5 KO in early Modernity1.4.6 Classification in modern libraries1.4.7 KO in the Digital Age2 Theories of knowledge organization2.1 Theories are needed2.2 From precepts to concepts2.3 Bottom-up and top-down procedures2.4 The dimensions of knowledge2.4.1 User-based approaches2.4.2 Collection approaches2.4.3 Documental approaches2.4.4 Perspective approaches2.4.5 Phenomenon approaches3 Structural principles in knowledge organization3.1 Words in natural language3.2 Terms in controlled vocabularies3.3 Lists3.3.1 Alphabetical vs systematic order3.3.2 Literary warrant3.3.3 Canonical sequence3.3.4 Increasing complexity3.3.5 Quantitative measure3.3.6 Spatial contiguity3.3.7 Later-in-evolution3.3.8 Later-in-time3.4 Hierarchies3.4.1 Types3.4.2 Parts3.4.3 Instances3.5 Facets3.5.1 Fundamental categories3.5.2 Citation order of facets3.5.3 Sources of foci3.5.4 Common facets3.6 Themes3.4.1 Base theme and particular themes3.4.2 Phase relationships and free facets3.4.3 Rhemes3.4.4 How much syntax is needed?4 Knowledge organization systems (KOS)4.1 The notion of KOS4.2 The collection dimension of a KOS4.3 Special and general KOS4.4 KOS types4.4.1 Keyword systems and folksonomies4.4.2 Taxonomies4.4.3 Subject heading lists4.4.4 Thesauri4.4.5 Classification schemes4.4.6 Ontologies5 Representation of knowledge organization structures5.1 Headings in paper catalogues catalogs and indexes5.2 Subject authority data in bibliographic databases5.3 Subject metadata of digital documents5.4 The Semantic Web and linked data5.5 KOSs as linked data6 Applying knowledge organization6.1 Organizing phenomena6.2 Organizing educational and reference contents6.3 Indexing documents6.3.1 Content analysis6.3.2 Content representation6.3.3 Automatic methods6.3.4 Non-textual documents6.4 Organizing collections6.5 KO in the digital environment6.5.1 Applying KO to digital documents6.5.2 Problems and benefits of digital KO6.5.3 Designing organized interfaces6.6 ConclusionReferencesIndex

'Gnoli's text is a well-written, brief, but mighty introduction to knowledge organisation. This book should be acquired by instructors and students of information organization courses who not only want an overview of knowledge organization concepts but want to deepen their understanding of answers to a range of theoretical and practical questions in the field'. - Technical Services Quarterly

Claudio Gnoli is an academic librarian and researcher in knowledge organization at the University of Pavia, Italy. His work focuses on Knowledge organization theory and KO systems - especially faceted classification schemes - and their application to digital information systems. He is co-author of Interdisciplinary Knowledge Organization with R. Szostak and M. Lopez-Huertas (2016), co-editor of the ISKO Encyclopedia of Knowledge Organization and author of numerous journal articles, conference proceedings and four Italian-language titles. He is a member of the Scientific Advisory Council of the International Society for Knowledge Organization, and he serves on the editorial board of the Basel Register of Thesauri, Ontologies & Classifications (BARTOC).

• ContentsList of abbreviations1 Focusing the field1.1 What is knowledge?1.1.1 Knowledge as representation of networks1.1.2 Data, information, knowledge, understanding, wisdom1.1.3 Informational systems at various levels1.2 What is organization?1.3 What is knowledge organization (KO)?1.3.1 Personal and social knowledge1.3.2 Knowledge as recorded in documents1.3.3 Organizing public contents1.4 A brief history of KO1.4.1 KO in early civilizations1.4.2 KO in the ancient East1.4.3 KO in ancient Greece1.4.4 KO in the Middle Ages1.4.5 KO in early Modernity1.4.6 Classification in modern libraries1.4.7 KO in the Digital Age2 Theories of knowledge organization2.1 Theories are needed2.2 From precepts to concepts2.3 Bottom-up and top-down procedures2.4 The dimensions of knowledge2.4.1 User-based approaches2.4.2 Collection approaches2.4.3 Documental approaches2.4.4 Perspective approaches2.4.5 Phenomenon approaches3 Structural principles in knowledge organization3.1 Words in natural language3.2 Terms in controlled vocabularies3.3 Lists3.3.1 Alphabetical vs systematic order3.3.2 Literary warrant3.3.3 Canonical sequence3.3.4 Increasing complexity3.3.5 Quantitative measure3.3.6 Spatial contiguity3.3.7 Later-in-evolution3.3.8 Later-in-time3.4 Hierarchies3.4.1 Types3.4.2 Parts3.4.3 Instances3.5 Facets3.5.1 Fundamental categories3.5.2 Citation order of facets3.5.3 Sources of foci3.5.4 Common facets3.6 Themes3.4.1 Base theme and particular themes3.4.2 Phase relationships and free facets3.4.3 Rhemes3.4.4 How much syntax is needed?4 Knowledge organization systems (KOS)4.1 The notion of KOS4.2 The collection dimension of a KOS4.3 Special and general KOS4.4 KOS types4.4.1 Keyword systems and folksonomies4.4.2 Taxonomies4.4.3 Subject heading lists4.4.4 Thesauri4.4.5 Classification schemes4.4.6 Ontologies5 Representation of knowledge organization structures5.1 Headings in paper catalogues catalogs and indexes5.2 Subject authority data in bibliographic databases5.3 Subject metadata of digital documents5.4 The Semantic Web and linked data5.5 KOSs as linked data6 Applying knowledge organization6.1 Organizing phenomena6.2 Organizing educational and reference contents6.3 Indexing documents6.3.1 Content analysis6.3.2 Content representation6.3.3 Automatic methods6.3.4 Non-textual documents6.4 Organizing collections6.5 KO in the digital environment6.5.1 Applying KO to digital documents6.5.2 Problems and benefits of digital KO6.5.3 Designing organized interfaces6.6 ConclusionReferencesIndex

'Gnoli's text is a well-written, brief, but mighty introduction to knowledge organisation. This book should be acquired by instructors and students of information organization courses who not only want an overview of knowledge organization concepts but want to deepen their understanding of answers to a range of theoretical and practical questions in the field'. - Technical Services Quarterly