Introduction to Desalination

Louis Theodore, Eng.Sc.D, (retired) was a Professor of Chemical Engineering for 50 years. He is the author of several publications, including Fluid Flow for the Practicing Chemical Engineer, Thermodynamics for the Practicing Engineer, Mass Transfer Operations for the Practicing Engineer, and Air Pollution Control Equipment Calculations and Pollution Prevention.R. Ryan Dupont, PhD, is Cazier Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering, and a Research Associate at the Utah Water Research Laboratory. He is the author of many research publications and books including Groundwater and Soil Remediation: Process Design and Cost Estimating of Proven Technologies, Water Resource Management Issues: Basic Principles and Applications, and Unit Operations in Environmental Engineering.

• Preface viiDedication xiPart I Introduction 11 Global Water Scarcity and the Need for “New Water” 32 Technical Glossary 213 Engineering Principles 474 Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties of Materials 755 Water Properties 1016 Water Chemistry 1277 The Conservation Laws, Stoichiometry, and Thermodynamics 1438 Unit Operations 171Part II Desalination and Water Treatment Processes 1999 The Desalination Process 20110 Evaporation 22311 Reverse Osmosis 24712 Crystallization 27113 Traditional Desalination Processes 29514 New Desalination Processes 31515 Non-Desalination Processes 335Part III Select Related Topics 35116 Water Conservation 35317 Economic Considerations 38118 Optimization Considerations 40119 Ethical Considerations 43320 The Future of Desalination 459Index 475