Marc R. Nuwer MD PhD is Distinguished Professor of Neurology and Department Head for Clinical Neurophysiology at Reed Neurological Research Center and Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States. Dr. David B. MacDonald resides in Italy and is Scientific Director of Arkana Forum, which is based in Emmendingen, Germany, and specializes in neuromonitoring education. He is a Past President of the International Society of Intraoperative Neurophysiology, and was formerly a Consultant in the Section of Clinical Neurophysiology of the Department of Neurosciences at King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

• SECTION I. GENERAL ISSUES1. Overview of intraoperative neuromonitoring2. Electroencephalography, electrocorticography, and cortical stimulation techniques3. Intraoperative evoked potential techniques4. EMG monitoring 5. Safety issues during surgical monitoringSECTION II. INTRACRANIAL SURGERY6. Neurophysiology during epilepsy surgery7. Neurophysiology during movement disorder surgery8. Intraoperative mapping and monitoring during brain tumor surgeries9. Mapping and monitoring of brainstem surgery10. Monitoring cerebellopontine angle and skull base surgeriesSECTION  III. SPINAL SURGERY11. Monitoring scoliosis and other spinal deformity surgeries 12. Intraoperative neuromonitoring during surgery for lumbar stenosis13. Intraoperative neurophysiology in intramedullary spinal cord tumor surgery14. Monitoring spinal surgery for extramedullary tumors and fractures15. Mapping and monitoring of tethered cord and cauda equina surgeries16. Dorsal root entry zone procedure and other surgeries for painSECTION IV. PERIPHERAL NERVE SURGERY17. Neurophysiology during peripheral nerve surgery18. Monitoring surgery around the cranial nerves SECTION V. VASCULAR SURGERY19. Monitoring in carotid endarterectomy20. Surgery and intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring for aneurysm clipping21. Monitoring cardiac and ascending aortic procedures22. Neuromonitoring during descending aorta procedures

Marc R. Nuwer MD PhD is Distinguished Professor of Neurology and Department Head for Clinical Neurophysiology at Reed Neurological Research Center and Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States. Dr. David B. MacDonald resides in Italy and is Scientific Director of Arkana Forum, which is based in Emmendingen, Germany, and specializes in neuromonitoring education. He is a Past President of the International Society of Intraoperative Neurophysiology, and was formerly a Consultant in the Section of Clinical Neurophysiology of the Department of Neurosciences at King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

• SECTION I. GENERAL ISSUES1. Overview of intraoperative neuromonitoring2. Electroencephalography, electrocorticography, and cortical stimulation techniques3. Intraoperative evoked potential techniques4. EMG monitoring 5. Safety issues during surgical monitoringSECTION II. INTRACRANIAL SURGERY6. Neurophysiology during epilepsy surgery7. Neurophysiology during movement disorder surgery8. Intraoperative mapping and monitoring during brain tumor surgeries9. Mapping and monitoring of brainstem surgery10. Monitoring cerebellopontine angle and skull base surgeriesSECTION  III. SPINAL SURGERY11. Monitoring scoliosis and other spinal deformity surgeries 12. Intraoperative neuromonitoring during surgery for lumbar stenosis13. Intraoperative neurophysiology in intramedullary spinal cord tumor surgery14. Monitoring spinal surgery for extramedullary tumors and fractures15. Mapping and monitoring of tethered cord and cauda equina surgeries16. Dorsal root entry zone procedure and other surgeries for painSECTION IV. PERIPHERAL NERVE SURGERY17. Neurophysiology during peripheral nerve surgery18. Monitoring surgery around the cranial nerves SECTION V. VASCULAR SURGERY19. Monitoring in carotid endarterectomy20. Surgery and intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring for aneurysm clipping21. Monitoring cardiac and ascending aortic procedures22. Neuromonitoring during descending aorta procedures

Marc R. Nuwer MD PhD is Distinguished Professor of Neurology and Department Head for Clinical Neurophysiology at Reed Neurological Research Center and Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States. Dr. David B. MacDonald resides in Italy and is Scientific Director of Arkana Forum, which is based in Emmendingen, Germany, and specializes in neuromonitoring education. He is a Past President of the International Society of Intraoperative Neurophysiology, and was formerly a Consultant in the Section of Clinical Neurophysiology of the Department of Neurosciences at King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

• SECTION I. GENERAL ISSUES1. Overview of intraoperative neuromonitoring2. Electroencephalography, electrocorticography, and cortical stimulation techniques3. Intraoperative evoked potential techniques4. EMG monitoring 5. Safety issues during surgical monitoringSECTION II. INTRACRANIAL SURGERY6. Neurophysiology during epilepsy surgery7. Neurophysiology during movement disorder surgery8. Intraoperative mapping and monitoring during brain tumor surgeries9. Mapping and monitoring of brainstem surgery10. Monitoring cerebellopontine angle and skull base surgeriesSECTION  III. SPINAL SURGERY11. Monitoring scoliosis and other spinal deformity surgeries 12. Intraoperative neuromonitoring during surgery for lumbar stenosis13. Intraoperative neurophysiology in intramedullary spinal cord tumor surgery14. Monitoring spinal surgery for extramedullary tumors and fractures15. Mapping and monitoring of tethered cord and cauda equina surgeries16. Dorsal root entry zone procedure and other surgeries for painSECTION IV. PERIPHERAL NERVE SURGERY17. Neurophysiology during peripheral nerve surgery18. Monitoring surgery around the cranial nerves SECTION V. VASCULAR SURGERY19. Monitoring in carotid endarterectomy20. Surgery and intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring for aneurysm clipping21. Monitoring cardiac and ascending aortic procedures22. Neuromonitoring during descending aorta procedures