Interventional Cardiology

George D. Dangas, MD, PhD, MSCAI, FAHA, FESC, is Professor of Medicine at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; Director of Cardiovascular Innovation at the Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, USA; Professor of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; and Adjunct Professor of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.Carlo Di Mario, MD, PhD, FRCP, FACC, FSCAI, FESC, is Professor of Cardiology at the University of Florence, Firenze, Italy; Director of Structural Interventional Cardiology, Careggi Hospital, Firenze, Italy; and Honorary Consultant at the Cardiologist Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK. Holger Thiele, MD, is Director of Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, and Director of Leipzig Heart Center at University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. Peter Barlis, MBBS, MPH, PHD, FACC, FESC, FRACP, is Professor of Medicine at University of Melbourne and Interventional Cardiologist at St Vincent’s and Northern Hospitals, Victoria, Australia.

• About the Companion WebsiteContributorsForewordPrefaceAcknowledgmentsPart I Principles and Techniques Section I Basic Knowledge  1 Atherogenesis and Inflammation   Vikas Thondapu, Umair Hayat, Tim Tsay, and Peter Barlis2 The Essentials of Femoral Vascular Access and ClosureFrancesco Meucci, Miroslava Stolcova, Flavia Caniato, Mohammad Sarraf, Alessio Mattesini, and Carlo Di Mario 3 Radial Artery, Alternative Arm Access, and Related Techniques Thomas J Ford, Paul Bamford, Christian Said, and Peter Barlis4 Optimal Angiographic Views for Coronary Angioplasty  Flavia Caniato, Francesca Ristalli, Alessio Mattesini, Carlo Di Mario, and Gioel Gabrio Secco 5 Material Selection  Alessio Mattesini, Pierluigi Demola, Sahil A. Parikh, Gioel Gabrio Secco, Michele Pighi,and Carlo Di Mario6 Statistical Essentials in the Design and Analysis of Clinical Trials  Usman Baber, Mauro Chiarito, and Stuart J. PocockSection II Imaging and Physiology    7 Physiologic Assessment and Guidance in the Cardiac Catheterization LaboratoryAllen Jeremias Sukhjinder Nijjer, Justin Davies, and Carlo DiMario8 Intravascular Ultrasound: Principles, Image Interpretation, and Clinical ApplicationsAdriano Caixeta, Akiko Maehara, and Gary S. Mintz9 Optical Coherence Tomography, Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, and Near-Infrared Fluorescence Molecular Imaging  Alessio Mattesini, Pierluigi Demola, Richard Shlofmitz, Evan Shlofmitz, Ron Waksman, Farouc Amin Jaffer, Carlo Di Mario10 Multislice Computed Tomography (MSCT) and Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) Imaging for Coronary and Structural Heart DiseasePragya Ranjan, Richard Ro, and Stamatios LerakisSection III Revascularization in Different Clinical Settings  11 Stable Coronary Artery Disease  Abhiram Prasad and Bernard J. Gersh12 PCI Strategies in Acute Coronary Syndromes without ST Segment Elevation (NSTE-ACS)  Anastasios Roumeliotis, Emmanouil S. Brilakis13 Primary and Rescue PCI in STEMI   Sean Fitzgerald and Holger Thiele14 The Management of Cardiogenic Shock and Hemodynamic Support Devices and TechniquesBimmer E.P.M. Claessen and José P.S. HenriquesSection IV PCI in Different Lesion Types   15 PCI for unprotected left main disease: current evidences and plenty of questions  Alessandra Laricchia, Arif A Khokhar, Francesco Giannini, and Antonio Colombo16 Bifurcation Lesion StentingGoran Stankovic, Zlatko Mehmedbegovic, and Dejan Milasinovic17 Risk Stratification Approach to Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease  Antonio Greco, Sergio Buccheri, MD, Corrado Tamburino, and Davide Capodanno18 Chronic Total Coronary Occlusion   Gerald S. Werner and Emmanouil S. Brilakis19 Percutaneous Coronary Intervention of Arterial and Vein Grafts  Bimmer E.P.M. Claessen, Frans Beerkens, José P.S. Henriques, and George D. Dangas20 Interventional Approach in Small Vessel, Diffuse, and Tortuous Coronary Artery Disease   Saadat Aleem, Puja Parikh, Varun Bhasin, and Robert T. Pyo 21 In-Stent Restenosis in New Generation DES Era  Marco G. Mennuni, Emanuele Sagazio, and Giuseppe Patti22 High Risk Percutaneous Coronary InterventionDavid A. Power, Bimmer E. Claessen, and Samin K. SharmaSection V Special Techniques and Complications    23 Laser, Rotational, Orbital Coronary Atherectomy, and Coronary Intravascular LithoplastyNavneet Sharma, Kaleab N. Asrress, Peter O’Kane, Robert T. Pyo, and Simon R. Redwood24 Thrombus-Containing Lesions   Giovanni Luigi De Maria, Dimitrios Terentes-Printzios and Adrian P. Banning25 Specialized Balloons in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Cutting, Scoring, Gliding, and Drug-Eluting Balloons  Bimmer E.P.M. Claessen, José P.S. Henriques, and George D. Dangas26 Coronary Artery Dissections, Perforations, and the No-Reflow Phenomenon   Adriano Caixeta, Marcos Danillo P. Oliveira, and George D. Dangas27 Vascular Access Site Complications  Miguel Alvarez Villela, Cristina Sanina, and Robert Pyo28 Renal Insufficiency and the Impact of Contrast Agents   Carlo Briguori, Michael Donahue, and Carmen D’Amore 29 Radiation Management in Interventional Cardiology   Stephen Balter and Amisha Patel30 Concepts of Cell Therapy and Myocardial Regeneration   Sangeetha Vadakke-Madathil and Hina W. ChaudhrySection VI Clinical Trials in Coronary Heart Disease  31 Durable Polymer Everolimus-eluting Stents   Vikas Thondapu, Nalin H. Dayawansa, Bimmer E.P.M. Claessen, George D. Dangas, and Peter Barlis32 Bioresorbable-polymer Everolimus-eluting Stents   Vikas Thondapu, Nigel Sutherland, Tom Ford, Bimmer E.P.M. Claessen, George D. Dangas, and Peter Barlis33 Zotarolimus-Eluting StentsJorge Sanz-Sánchez, Pier Pasquale Leone, Ridhima Goel, and Giulio G. Stefanini 34 The Biolimus Stent Family  Ronak Delewi, Robert de Winter35 The Biotronik Stent Family  Ronak Delewi, Robert de Winter36 Novel Drug-Eluting Stent Systems  J. Ribamar Costa, Jr., Ridhima Goel, Rafael Alexandre Meneguz-Moreno, and Alexandre A.C. Abizaid37 Cardiac Vein Anatomy and Transcoronary Sinus Catheter Interventions in Myocardial IschemiaWerner Mohl, Levente Molnár, and Béla MerkelyPart II Interventional Pharmacology   38 Basics of Antiplatelet and Anticoagulant Therapy for Cardiovascular Disease  Piera Capranzano and Dominick J. Angiolillo39 Oral Antiplatelet Agents in Percutaneous Coronary InterventionBen Rowland, Jonathan A. Batty, George Dangas, Roxana Mehran, and Vijay Kunadian40 Parenteral Anticoagulant Agents in PCIPiera Capranzano, Corrado Tamburino, and George D. Dangas41 Vasoactive and Antiarrhythmic Drugs During PCI Bimmer E.P.M. Claessen, Frans Beerkens, and José P.S. Henriques42 Triple Antiplatelet Therapy and Combinations with Oral Anticoagulants after Percutaneous Coronary InterventionBen Rowland, Jonathan A Batty, Roxana Mehran, and Vijay Kunadian43 Balance of Ischemia and Bleeding in Selecting Intensity and Duration of Antithrombotic Regimens   Davide Cao, Anton Camaj, and Roxana Mehran44 Secondary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular DiseaseDavid A. Power and Robert S. Rosenson45 Peri-procedural Platelet Function Testing in Risk Stratification and Clinical Decision Making  Paul A Gurbel, Eliano P Navarese, Aung Myat, and Udaya S Tantry46 Monitoring and Reversal of Anticoagulation and Antiplatelet Agents  Paul A. Gurbel, Amit Rout, and Udaya S. Tantry Part III Hypertension and Structural Heart Disease  Section I Systemic and Pulmonary Hypertension  47 Right Heart Catheterization and Pulmonary HemodynamicsDaniel Kretzschmar and P. Christian Schulze 48 Treatment of Pulmonary Embolism: Medical, Surgical, and PercutaneousIan del Conde and Barry T. Katzen49 Renal Denervation for Resistant HypertensionSandeep Arunothayaraj, Robert Whitbourn, Peter Barlis,, and Felix MahfoudSection II Structural Heart Interventions   50 Antithrombotic Strategies in Valvular and Structural Heart Disease Interventions Anton Camaj, Victor Razuk, and George D. Dangas51 Alcohol Septal Ablation for Hypertrophic Obstructive CardiomyopathyAsaad A. Khan, Amir-Ali Fassa, George Dangas, and Ulrich Sigwart52 Left Atrial Appendage Exclusion  Jorge G. Panizo and Jacob S. Koruth53 Cryptogenic Stroke, Patent Foramen Ovale, and ASD Closure  Barry Love54 Paravalvular Leak Closure and Ventricular Septal Defect Closure  Barry A Love, Allison K. Cabalka, and Charanjit S. RihalSection III Valvular Heart Disease Interventions   55 Aortic Valvuloplasty and Large-Bore Percutaneous Arterial Access  Matthew I. Tomey, Anton Camaj, Annapoorna S. Kini, and Samin K. Sharma56 Balloon-Expandable Transcatheter Aortic Valve ReplacementMitsunobu Kitamura, Mohamed Abdel-Wahab, Steffen Desch, and Holger Thiele57 Self-Expandable Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement and Cerebral Embolic Protection.Sophia L. Alexis, Aditya Sengupta, Syed Zaid, and Gilbert H. L. Tang58 Leaflet Modification TechniquesJose F. Condado, Adam Greenbaum, Norihiko Kamioka, Toby Rogers, Jaffar M. Khan, Robert J. Lederman, and Vasilis Babaliaros 59 Periprocedural Complications of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR)Arif A Khokhar, Francesco Giannini, and Antonio Colombo60 Intensive Care after Transcatheter Aortic Valve ReplacementMatthew I. Tomey61 New Aortic Valve Technologies  Dimytri Alexandre Siqueira and Alexandre A.C. Abizaid62 Principles of Carpentier’s Reconstructive Surgery in Degenerative Mitral Valve Disease  Farzan Filsoufi and Alain Carpentier 63 Transseptal Puncture   Nagendra Boopathy Senguttuvan, Gilbert H.L Tang, and Annapoorna Kini64 Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair and Replacement(1)Mitra Clip and Emerging TechnologiesSharon Bruoha, Manaf Assafin, Edwin Ho, Gilbert H L Tang,  Azeem Latib(2)TMV ReplacementAditya Sengupta, Sophia L. Alexis, Eric Sun, Edwin Ho, Azeem Latib, and Gilbert H. L. Tang65 Balloon Mitral Valvuloplasty  C.N. Manjunath, Asaad A. Khan, George Dangas, and Upendra Kaul66 Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Repair and ReplacementKarl-Patrik Kresoja, Kusha Rahgozar, Mitsunobu Kitamura, Ythan Goldberg, Azeem Latib, and Philipp Lurz67 Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve ReplacementDamien Kenny, and Ziyad M. Hijazi68 Imaging for Planning and Guidance for Structural Heart Interventions  Richard Ro and Stamatios LerakisSection IV Interventions for Heart Failure69 Percutaneous Ventricular Assist DevicesMina Karami, Bimmer E.P.M. Claessen, and José P.S. Henriques70 Implantable Hemodynamic Monitoring SystemsKiran Mahmood and Noah Moss Part IV Vascular Disease for the Interventionalist   Section I Cerebrovascular Disease   71 Acute Stroke Intervention   Stefan C. Bertog, Kolja Sievert, Iris Q. Grunwald, Alok Sharma, Marius Hornung, Anna Luisa Kühn, Laura Vaskelyte, Ilona Hofmann, Sameer Gafoor, Markus Reinartz, Predrag Matic, and Horst Sievert72 Carotid Artery Angioplasty and Stenting   Vivek Prakash, Ignatius Lau, and Peter Faries 73 Cerebral Aneurysms: Diagnosis, Indications, and Strategies for Endovascular Treatment   Gyula GálSection II Aorta and Branch Diseases   74 Management of Acute Aortic Syndromes  William E. Beckerman and Paul S. Lajos75 Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair  Shivani Kumar, and Rami O. Tadros 76 Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair  Scott R. Safir, and Rami O. Tadros77 Fenestrated and Branched EndograftsNicole Ilonzo and Rami Tadros 78 Acute and Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia   Allan M. Conway, Alfio Carroccio, and Robert J. Rosen79 Renal Artery Interventions   Christopher J. Cooper80 Endovascular Interventions for the PelvisJustin Diamond, Allan M. Conway, Alfio Carroccio, and Robert J Rosen Section III Peripheral Arterial and Venous Disease  81 Iliac Interventions   Manish Taneja, Cornelia Rivera, Jose M. Wiley, and Apoorva Gogna82 Superficial Femoral Artery Interventions   Shunsuke Aoi, Amit M. Kakkar, Cristina Sanina, and Jose M. Wiley83 Popliteal Artery Interventions   Karthik Gujja, Bhaskar Purushottam, Vishal Kapur, Pedro Cox-Alomar, and Prakash Krishnan84 Below the Knee Interventions in Critical Limb Ischemia  Karthik Gujja, Katarzyna Nasiadko, Arthur Tarricone, Cristina Sanina, and Prakash Krishnan85 Subclavian, Vertebral, and Upper Extremity Vascular Disease  Ian Del Conde, Cristina Sanina, and Jose M. Wiley86 Antithrombotic Strategies in Endovascular Interventions: Current Status and Future Directions  Vishal Kapur87 Chronic Venous Insufficiency  Karthik Gujja, Tejus Kayiti, Cristina Sanina, and Jose M. Wiley