Intelligent Nanomaterials

Ashutosh Tiwari is Secretary General, International Association of Advanced Materials; Chairman and Managing Director of Tekidag AB (Innotech); Associate Professor and Group Leader, Smart Materials and Biodevices at the world premier Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre, IFM-Linköping University; Editor-in-Chief, Advanced Materials Letters; a materials chemist and docent in the Applied Physics with the specialization of Biosensors and Bioelectronics from Linköping University, Sweden.Yogendra Kumar Mishra is the Group Leader at Functional Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science, University of Kiel, Germany.Hisatoshi Kobayashi is a group leader of WPI Research center MANA, National Institute for Material Science, Tsukuba Japan.Anthony (Tony) Turner's name is synonymous with the field of Biosensors. In November 2010, he joined Linköping University to create a new Centre for Biosensors and Bioelectronics.

• Preface xviiPart 1 Nanomaterials, Fabrication and Biomedical Applications1 Electrospinning Materials for Skin Tissue Engineering 3Beste Kinikoglu1.1 Skin Tissue Engineering Scaffolds 41.2 Conclusions 14References 152 Electrospinning: A Versatile Technique to Synthesize Drug Delivery Systems 21Xueping Zhang, Dong Liu and Tianyan You2.1 Introduction 212.2 The Types of Delivered Drugs 222.3 Polymers Used in Electrospinning 292.4 The Development of Electrospinning Process for Drug Delivery 362.5 Conclusions 41Acknowledgment 42References 423 Electrospray Jet Emission: An Alternative Interpretation Invoking Dielectrophoretic Forces 51Francesco Aliotta, Oleg Gerasymov and Pietro Calandra3.1 Introduction 523.2 Electrospray: How It Works? 543.3 Historical Background 633.4 How the Current (and Wrong) Description of the Electrospray Process Has Been Generated? 653.5 What Is Wrong in the Current Description? 683.6 Some Results Shedding More Light 703.7 Discriminating between Electrophoretic and Dielectrophoretic Forces 723.8 Some Theoretical Aspects of Dielectrophoresis 763.9 Conclusions 83References 864 Advanced Silver and Oxide Hybrids of Catalysts During Formaldehyde Production 91Anita Kovač Kralj4.1 Introduction 924.2 The Catalysis 934.3 Case Study 954.4 Limited Hybrid Catalyst Method for Formaldehyde Production 974.5 Conclusion 1044.6 Nomenclatures 105References 1055 Physico-chemical Characterization and Basic Research Principles of Advanced Drug Delivery Nanosystems 107Natassa Pippa, Stergios Pispas and Costas Demetzos5.1 Introduction 1085.2 Basic Research Principles and Techniques for the Physicochemical Characterization of Advanced Drug Delivery Nanosystems 1085.3 Conclusions 122References 1226 Nanoporous Alumina as an Intelligent Nanomaterial for Biomedical Applications 127Moom Sinn Aw and Dusan Losic6.1 Introduction 1276.2 Nanoporous Anodized Alumina as a Drug Nano-carrier 1296.3 Biocompatibility of NAA and NNAA Materials 1386.4 NAA for Diabetic and Pancreatic Applications 1436.5 NAA Applications in Orthopedics 1446.6 NAA Applications for Heart, Coronary, and Vasculature Treatment 1486.7 NAA in Dentistry 1506.8 Conclusions and Future Prospects 152Acknowledgment 153References 1547 Nanomaterials: Structural Peculiarities, Biological Effects, and Some Aspects of Applications 161N.F. Starodub, M.V. Taran, A.M. Katsev, C. Bisio and M. Guidotti7.1 Introduction 1627.2 Physicochemical Properties Determining the Bioavailability and Toxicity of NPS 1647.3 Current Nanoecotoxicological Knowledge 1687.4 Modern Direction of the Application of Nanocomposites as Basis for Detoxication Process 1877.5 Conclusions 189Acknowledgments 190References 1908 Biomedical Applications of Intelligent Nanomaterials 199M. D. Fahmy, H. E. Jazayeri, M. Razavi, M. Hashemi, M. Omidi, M. Farahani, E. Salahinejad, A. Yadegari, S. Pitcher and Lobat Tayebi8.1 Introduction 2008.2 Polymeric Nanoparticles 2028.3 Lipid-based Nanoparticles 2068.4 Carbon Nanostructures 2138.5 Nanostructured Metals 2198.6 Hybrid Nanostructures 2238.7 Concluding Remarks 228References 229Part 2 Nanomaterials for Energy, Electronics, and Biosensing9 Phase Change Materials as Smart Nanomaterials for Thermal Energy Storage in Buildings 249M. Kheradmand, M. Abdollahzadeh, M. Azenha and J.L.B. de Aguiar9.1 Introduction 2509.2 Phase Change Materials: Definition, Principle of Operation, and Classifications 2529.3 PCM-enhanced Cement-based Materials 2549.4 Hybrid PCM for Thermal Storage 2559.5 Numerical Simulations 2679.6 Thermal Modeling of Phase Change 2699.7 Nanoparticle-enhanced Phase Change Material 2809.8 Conclusions (General Remarks) 288References 28910 Nanofluids with Enhanced Heat Transfer Properties for Thermal Energy Storage 295Manila Chieruzzi, Adio Miliozzi, Luigi Torre and José Maria Kenny10.1 Introduction 29610.2 Thermal Energy Storage 29810.3 Nanofluids for Thermal Energy Storage 31310.4 Nanofluids Based on Molten Salts: Enhancement of Thermal Properties 33010.5 Conclusions 349References 35111 Resistive Switching of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes for Advanced Nanoelectronics Devices 361O.A. Ageev, Yu. F. Blinov, M.V. Il’ina, B.G. Konoplev and V.A. Smirnov11.1 Introduction 36211.2 Theoretical Description of Resistive Switching Mechanism of Structures Based on VACNT 36311.3 Techniques for Measuring the Electrical Resistivity and Young’s Modulus of VACNT Based on Scanning Probe Microscopy 37711.4 Experimental Studies of Resistive Switching in Structures Based on VACNT Using Scanning Tunnel Microscopy 384References 39112 Multi-objective Design of Nanoscale Double Gate MOSFET Devices Using Surrogate Modeling and Global Optimization 395T. Bentrcia, F. Djeffal and E. Chebaki12.1 Introduction 39612.2 Downscaling Parasitic Effects 40012.3 Modeling Framework 40512.4 Simulation and Results 41212.5 Concluding Remarks 422References 42213 Graphene-based Electrochemical Biosensors: New Trends and Applications 427Georgia-Paraskevi Nikoleli, Stephanos Karapetis, Spyridoula Bratakou, Dimitrios P. Nikolelis, Nikolaos Tzamtzis and Vasillios N. Psychoyios13.1 Introduction 42813.2 Scope of This Review 42913.3 Graphene and Sensors 43013.4 Graphene Nanomaterials Used in Electrochemical (Bio)sensors Fabrication 43013.5 Graphene-based Enzymatic Electrodes 43213.6 Graphene-based Electrochemical DNA Sensors 43713.7 Graphene-based Electrochemical Immunosensors 43913.8 Commercial Activities in the Field of Graphene Sensors 44213.9 Recent Developments in the Field of Graphene Sensors 44213.10 Conclusions and Future Prospects 443Acknowledgments 445References 445Part 3 Smart Nanocomposites, Fabrication, and Applications14 Carbon Fibers-based Silica Aerogel Nanocomposites 451Agnieszka Ślosarczyk14.1 Introduction to Nanotechnology 45114.2 Chemistry of Sol–gel Process 45414.3 Types of Silica Aerogel Nanocomposites 46214.4 Carbon Fiber-based Silica Aerogel Nanocomposites 47614.5 Conclusions 493References 49415 Hydrogel–carbon Nanotubes Composites for Protection of Egg Yolk Antibodies 501Bellingeri Romina, Alustiza Fabrisio, Picco Natalia, Motta Carlos, Grosso Maria C, Barbero Cesar, Acevedo Diego and Vivas Adriana15.1 Introduction 50215.2 Polymeric Hydrogels 50415.3 Carbon Nanotubes 50715.4 Polymer–CNT Composites 51115.5 Egg Yolk Antibodies Protection 51515.6 In Vitro Evaluation of Nanocomposite Performance 51715.7 In Vivo Evaluation of Nanocomposite Performance 51815.8 Concluding Remarks and Future Trends 521References 52216 Green Fabrication of Metal Nanoparticles 533Anamika Mubayi, Sanjukta Chatterji and Geeta Watal16.1 Introduction 53316.2 Development of Herbal Medicines 53516.3 Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles 53616.4 Characterization of Phytofabricated Nanoparticles 53916.5 Impact of Plant-mediated Nanoparticles on Therapeutic Efficacy of Medicinal Plants 54016.6 Conclusions 550References 551