India Higher Education Report 2022

N.V. Varghese is Vice Chancellor, National Institute of Educational Planning and Administration (NIEPA), New Delhi, India, and the Founding Director of the Centre for Policy Research in Higher Education (CPRHE) at NIEPA. Formerly, he was Head, Governance and Management of Education at the International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP/UNESCO), Paris. He has been a member of several International Boards/Committees and editorial Boards of Journals. N.V. Varghese is the Chief Editor of the Journal for Educational Planning and Administration (JEPA) NIEPA. He has directed several national and international research projects, has carried out research projects in several countries of Africa, Asia, Latin America and CIS regions and published several books and articles.Nidhi S. Sabharwal is currently Associate Professor at the Centre for Policy Research in Higher Education (CPRHE), National Institute of Educational Planning and Administration (NIEPA), New Delhi, India. She has previously been the In-charge of CPRHE/NIEPA. She has also previously served as the Director at the Indian Institute of Dalit Studies, New Delhi. She has studied inter-group inequalities across human development indicators, focusing on the role of caste and gender-based discrimination in the market and non-market institutions. Her current research focuses on college readiness, student diversity, student success, gender and equity in higher education.

• List of figures List of tables Notes on contributors PrefaceAcknowledgements List of abbreviations1 Women in higher education: an overview N.V. VARGHESE AND NIDHI S. SABHARWALPART IWomen, education and development 2 Education, development and employment: the ongoing crisis in women’s employment and its revelations N. NEETHAPART IIWomen’s access to HE and their educational inter-generational mobility 3 Women enrolment in higher education SACHIDANAND SINHA AND BISWAJIT KAR4 Access to higher education of women from disadvantaged groups and minorities 67ABDUL SHABAN, ZINAT ABOLI AND S.K. MD MUSHARUDDIN5 From gender parity to gender prism: looking beyond enrolment parity to explore gendered conditions of access to higher education in Haryana, India EMILY F. HENDERSON, NIDHI S. SABHARWAL AND ANJALI THOMAS6 Gender, inter-generational mobility and higher education MANIKA BORAPART IIIWomen’s field of study, representation in research programmes and career trajectories 7 Higher education, career and women entrepreneurship: between compulsion and choice ANIRBAN SENGUPTA8 Gendered academic trajectories through research and publication: influences and implications RATNA M. SUDARSHAN AND ANJALI THOMAS9 Women in science education and science careers in India DEEPIKA BANSALPART IVWomen in academic profession and leadership positions in higher education 10 Structures of exclusion: promotion procedures and gender inequality in the professoriate in India KARUNA CHANANA11 Women in leadership in higher education: opportunities, challenges and the way forward MADHULIKA KAUSHIK12 Women in leadership in higher education: narratives from the field GEETHA VENKATARAMAN13 Women in leadership: exploring the barriers and facilitators in the Indian higher education sector MEENAKSHI GANDHIPART VGender-responsive policies and HEI strategies for inclusion on campuses 14 Implementing the sexual harassment law within higher education: a qualitative enquiry JYOTHSNA BELLIAPPA AND S. AROKIA MARY15 Gendering pedagogy, engendering practices: contemporary STEM education landscape RUKMINI SENIndex