Luis Schiumerini is Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Notre Dame and faculty fellow at the Kellogg Institute for International Studies. He is the co-editor of Campaigns and Voters in Developing Democracies (2019) and his research has appeared in The Journal of Politics, British Journal of Political Science, Journal of Conflict Resolution and Perspectives on Politics.

• 1. The puzzle of incumbency bias; 2. Bounded accountability: a theory of incumbency bias; 3. Too big to succeed: incumbency disadvantage in Brazilian municipalities; 4. Commodity shocks and incumbency disadvantage in rural Brazil; 5. When capacity meets authority: the incumbency advantage of southern cone governors; 6. With narrow scope comes great advantage: incumbency bias in Chile; 7. Microfoundations of incumbency bias: evidence from survey experiments; 8. incumbency bias and democracy; References; Appendices.

'Incumbency was once believed to yield an overwhelming advantage in Latin America. But today, at least in parts of Latin America, incumbents are being thrown out like never before. In this pathbreaking study, Luis Schiumerini offers a compelling new framework to understand why incumbents succeed or fail. Drawing on impressive research, Incumbency Bias shows why incumbency continues to benefit politicians in some contexts but undermines them in others. This is, by far, the best book I have read on the comparative politics of incumbency. A must-read for anyone who studies-or cares about-electoral politics in Latin America.' Steven Levitsky, David Rockefeller Professor of Latin American Studies, Professor of Government and Director of the David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies, Harvard University

Luis Schiumerini is Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Notre Dame and faculty fellow at the Kellogg Institute for International Studies. He is the co-editor of Campaigns and Voters in Developing Democracies (2019) and his research has appeared in The Journal of Politics, British Journal of Political Science, Journal of Conflict Resolution and Perspectives on Politics.

• 1. The puzzle of incumbency bias; 2. Bounded accountability: a theory of incumbency bias; 3. Too big to succeed: incumbency disadvantage in Brazilian municipalities; 4. Commodity shocks and incumbency disadvantage in rural Brazil; 5. When capacity meets authority: the incumbency advantage of southern cone governors; 6. With narrow scope comes great advantage: incumbency bias in Chile; 7. Microfoundations of incumbency bias: evidence from survey experiments; 8. incumbency bias and democracy; References; Appendices.

'Incumbency was once believed to yield an overwhelming advantage in Latin America. But today, at least in parts of Latin America, incumbents are being thrown out like never before. In this pathbreaking study, Luis Schiumerini offers a compelling new framework to understand why incumbents succeed or fail. Drawing on impressive research, Incumbency Bias shows why incumbency continues to benefit politicians in some contexts but undermines them in others. This is, by far, the best book I have read on the comparative politics of incumbency. A must-read for anyone who studies-or cares about-electoral politics in Latin America.' Steven Levitsky, David Rockefeller Professor of Latin American Studies, Professor of Government and Director of the David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies, Harvard University

Luis Schiumerini is Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Notre Dame and faculty fellow at the Kellogg Institute for International Studies. He is the co-editor of Campaigns and Voters in Developing Democracies (2019) and his research has appeared in The Journal of Politics, British Journal of Political Science, Journal of Conflict Resolution and Perspectives on Politics.

• 1. The puzzle of incumbency bias; 2. Bounded accountability: a theory of incumbency bias; 3. Too big to succeed: incumbency disadvantage in Brazilian municipalities; 4. Commodity shocks and incumbency disadvantage in rural Brazil; 5. When capacity meets authority: the incumbency advantage of southern cone governors; 6. With narrow scope comes great advantage: incumbency bias in Chile; 7. Microfoundations of incumbency bias: evidence from survey experiments; 8. incumbency bias and democracy; References; Appendices.

'Incumbency was once believed to yield an overwhelming advantage in Latin America. But today, at least in parts of Latin America, incumbents are being thrown out like never before. In this pathbreaking study, Luis Schiumerini offers a compelling new framework to understand why incumbents succeed or fail. Drawing on impressive research, Incumbency Bias shows why incumbency continues to benefit politicians in some contexts but undermines them in others. This is, by far, the best book I have read on the comparative politics of incumbency. A must-read for anyone who studies-or cares about-electoral politics in Latin America.' Steven Levitsky, David Rockefeller Professor of Latin American Studies, Professor of Government and Director of the David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies, Harvard University