Incentives and Disincentives in Organ Donation

Ruiping Fan received his Ph.D. in philosophy from Rice University. He is Professor of Philosophy in the Department of Public & International Affairs at the City University of Hong Kong. He also serves as Co-Editor of the International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine (Hong Kong), Associate Editor for both the Journal of Medicine & Philosophy (USA) and the Chinese Medical Ethics (PRC), and on the Editorial Board of the Philosophy and Medicine book series (via Springer). His research focuses on Confucian bioethics, Chinese and comparative philosophy, and ethics and public policy. In addition to over 180 journal articles and book chapters (100 in English and 80 in Chinese) published, he has also authored Reconstructionist Confucianism: Rethinking Morality after the West (in English, 2010) and Contemporary Confucian Bioethics (in Chinese, 2011). He was the editor or co-editor of Confucian Bioethics (in English, 1999), Confucian Society and the Revival of Dao (in Chinese, 2008), the Renaissance of Confucianism in Contemporary China (in English, 2011), Confucian Constitution and China’s Future (in Chinese, 2012), Ritual and the Moral Life (in English, 2012), Confucian Constitutional Order (in English, 2013), Family-oriented Informed Consent: East Asian and American Perspectives (in English, 2015), Building Chinese Bioethics: New Explorations (in Chinese, 2017), Building Chinese Bioethics: Combating the Covid Pandemic (in Chinese, 2020), and Sex Robots (in English, 2021).

• ​Part 1. Introduction.- Chapter 1. Towards a New Model of Incentives for Organ Donation (Ruiping Fan).- Part 2. Beijing papers.- Chapter 2. The Background of Organ Donation in Mainland China (Guangkuan Xie).- Chapter 3. Mixed Incentives, Different Voices: A Qualitative Study of Organ Donation Incentive Policies in Two Big Chinese Cities (Jian Tang).- Chapter 4. Organ Donation Incentives in Mainland China: Ethical Commentaries and Reform Recommendations (Jian Tang).- Part 3. Chicago papers.- Chapter 5. The Concepts and Development of Organ Donation Policy in the United States (Wan-Zi Lu).- Chapter 6.  Interviews in Chicago (Wan-Zi Lu).- Chapter 7. Ethical Considerations about Three Incentive Models based on Research in Chicago (Wan-Zi Lu).- Part 4. Tehran papers.- Chapter 8. The Kidney Transplantation Program in Iran (Mitra Mahdavi-Mazdeh).- Chapter 9. Interview Findings of the Organ Donation in Iran (Mitra Mahdavi-Mazdeh).- Chapter 10. A Comment on the Barriers and Incentivesof Organ Donation in Iran (Mitra Mahdavi-Mazdeh).- Part 5. Hong Kong papers.- Chapter 11. Organ Donation: The Hong Kong Context (Ho Mun Chan).- Chapter 12. Incentives for Organ Donation in Hong Kong: In-depth Interviews (T-fai Yeung).- Chapter 13. Incentives for Organ Donation in Hong Kong: A Survey (Yang Zheng).- Chapter 14. Organ Donation, Comprehensively Good Incentives, and the Family: A Comment on Hong Kong’s Interview Findings and Survey Results (Ruiping Fan).- Part 6. Implications for Hong Kong and other societies: Towards a New Model.- Chapter 15. Organ Donation Incentives: A Multicultural Comparison (Lisa M. Rasmussen).- Chapter 16. Organ Donation Incentives: Implications for Hong Kong and Beyond (Chunyan Ding).

“If there is an important book for healthcare ethics today, it is this book. The book aims to find a set of ethically justifiable incentive measures for contemporary societies concerning organ donation. … Fan’s edited book Incentives and Disincentives in Organ Donation: A Multicultural Study among Beijing, Chicago, Tehran, and Hong Kong is an important contribution to the literature. It is a timely book that highlights the organ shortage problem connected with donation honorary, familist, and compensationalist incentives … .” (Luis Cordeiro‑Rodrigues, Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics, May 13, 2025)“This book provided an in-depth analysis of challenges and opportunities in the ethical, cultural, social, and legal of organ donation around the world. … This book particularly emphasized the uniqueness and challenges faced by the incentive models … and advocated the adoption of comprehensive incentive strategies and customized policies based on different cultural backgrounds. Additionally it also proposed recommendations for further research and policy formulation. This work … provided important theoretical support for the improvement of organ donation policies worldwide.” (Wang Shuai, Chinese Medical Ethics, Vol. 37 (1), January, 2024)