John Clarke is Emeritus Professor of Social Policy at The Open University, UK. His research and writing have explored the contemporary transformations of nation, state and welfare.Allan Cochrane is Emeritus Professor in the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences at The Open University, UK. His research and writing have explored the ways in which the spaces of politics and policy are made up in practice in ways that reflect relations of power within and beyond the state.Carol Smart is a feminist sociologist. She has published works in the areas of criminology, family law and social policy.