Ideas and Practices of the European Union’s Structural Antidiplomacy

Steffen Bay Rasmussen, Ph.D. (2011), University of the Basque Country, is Associate Professor of International Relations at the University of Deusto. He has published several articles and book chapters on EU foreign policy and diplomacy, including consular relations and public diplomacy.

• 1 Introduction: The European Union and the Contemporary Transformation of Diplomacy1.1 The European Union as a Case of Special Interest1.2 Research Design1.3 The Organisation of the Book2 Conceptual Framework: Diplomacy, Alienation and Ideal Types2.1 Towards a Contingent Notion of Diplomacy2.1.1 The English School2.1.2 The Limitations of Doctrinal Approaches2.1.3 Alienation and Diplomacy2.1.4 A Contingent Definition of Diplomacy2.2 A Social Constructivist Ontology of Diplomacy2.2.1 Social Structures2.2.2 The Role of Diplomacy in the International System2.2.3 Conceptualising the Diplomacy of Individual Actors2.2.4 Diplomacy as a Structured Discursive Totality2.2.5 Layers of Diplomacy2.3 Westphalian Diplomacy: An Ideal Type2.3.1 Westphalian Diplomatic Identities, Ideas and Meta-practices2.3.2 Westphalian Diplomatic Practice2.4 Antidiplomacy: An Ideal Type2.4.1 Antidiplomatic Identities, Ideas and Meta-practices2.4.2 Antidiplomatic Practices2.5 Ideal Types and the Analysis of the Social Structure, Practices and Meta-practices of EU Diplomacy3 The Organisation of the EU as a Diplomatic Actor3.1 The Historical Evolution of the EU as a Diplomatic Actor3.2 The Internal Setup of the EU as a Diplomatic Actor after Lisbon3.2.1 The European Council and Its Permanent President3.2.2 The Council of the European Union3.2.3 The Commission and The High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy/Vice-President of the Commission3.2.4 The European External Action Service3.3 Division of Labour in Brussels and the Challenge of Coherence3.4 Conclusion: A Complex Network Organisation4 The EU in Bilateral Diplomatic Relations4.1 The EU as Receiver of Diplomatic Mission4.2 The Permanent Representation of the EU in Third States4.2.1 The EU Delegations4.2.2 The Role of the Diplomatic Missions of the Member States4.3 EU Special Representatives4.4 Coordination in the Network of EU Diplomatic Representations4.5 Conclusion5 The Participation of the EU in International Organisations5.1 The Participation of the EU in International Organisations: General Aspects5.2 The United Nations5.2.1 The status of the European Union5.2.2 Practices of Representation5.2.3 Practices of Coordination5.2.4 The UN Security Council5.2.5 The FAO5.3 The World Trade Organization5.3.1 Status of the EU5.3.2 Forms of Representation5.3.3 Coordination Practices5.4 The International Monetary Fund5.4.1 Status of the EU5.4.2 Forms of Representation5.4.3 Coordination Practices5.5 The Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (osce)5.5.1 Status of the EU5.5.2 Forms of Representation5.5.3 Coordination Practices5.6 Conclusion6 EU Diplomatic Meta-Practices: Institutionalisation, Legalisation and Regionalisation6.1 Evolution of the EU’s International Legal Personality and Its Competences to Conclude International Agreements6.2 EU Agreements: General Aspects6.2.1 Cooperation Agreements6.2.2 Association Agreements6.2.3 Technical and Partial Agreements6.3 EU Regionalism: The Structure of the EU’s Relationships with Other Regions6.3.1 Africa and the acp States6.3.2 Asia6.3.3 Latin America6.3.4 The European Economic Area6.3.5 The European Neighbourhood Policy6.4 Conclusion: EU Diplomatic Meta-practices between Transformative Effects and Isomorphic Pressures on the EU to Adapt7 Social Structures of EU Diplomacy7.1 The International Identity of the European Union a Diplomatic Actor7.1.1 The Dominant Antidiplomatic EU Identity7.1.2 The Minority Construction of EU Diplomatic Identity Based on the Westphalian Ideal Type7.2 The Causal Ideas in EU Diplomacy7.3 Strategic Objectives of EU Diplomacy7.4 Conclusion8 Conclusions and Perspectives8.1 Main Characteristics of European Union Diplomacy8.1.1 EU Diplomatic Practices8.1.2 EU Diplomatic Meta-practices: Institutionalisation, Legalisation and Regionalisation8.1.3 The Antidiplomatic Social Structures of EU Diplomacy8.2 What Diplomatic Theory Reveals about the EU: The Structural Antidiplomacy of the European Union as an Inherently Unstable Construction between the Ideal Types of Westphalia and Utopian Antidiplomacy8.3 What the EU Case Reveals about Diplomacy: Ideal Types and the Pluralisation of Diplomacy8.3.1 The Case of EU Diplomacy and the Construction of a Typology of Diplomacies8.3.2 The Systemic Impact of the EU’s Structural AntidiplomacyAnnex 1: Ideal Type Social Structures of DiplomacyAnnex 2: Ideal Type Diplomatic Meta-practicesAnnex 3: Ideal Type Diplomatic PracticesBibliography

"In short, it is a methodologically comprehensive, up-to-date and a very well founded book, considering that it is an issue covering a myriad of processes. However, the author effectively deals with most of these impediments." - Roberto Duran, Catholic University of Chile, in: Diplomatica 1 (2019)