Iconography of Family Members in Egypt’s Elite Tombs of the Old Kingdom

Jing Wen, Ph.D. (2018), University of Pennsylvania, works at the Institute of World History, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. She has published articles and books on Egyptology, including The Dawn of the Egyptian Civilization (Peking University Press, 2022).

• List of Tables, Figures and ChartsAbbreviationsIntroduction1 Children of the Tomb Owner1 The Designations of Children2 The Titles of Children3 Stances, Clothing, and Accessories of Children4 Children as Offering Bearers5 Rituals Performed by Children2 Siblings of the Tomb Owner1 The Designations of Siblings2 The Titles of Siblings3 Stances, Clothing, and Accessories of Siblings4 Siblings as Offering Bearers5 Siblings in Ritual Scenes3 Parents and Other Relatives1 The Designations and Titles of Parents of the Tomb Owner2 Designations and Titles of Other Relatives3 Stance of Parents4 Stance of Other Relatives of the Tomb Owner5 Conclusion: the Depiction of Family Members4 Family Groups and the sn-ḏt Problem1 Family Groups2 The sn-ḏt and Its Meaning3 Conclusion5 The Role of Family Members in the Funerary Cult1 Family Members Carrying Offerings2 Family Members Carrying stpt-Offerings3 Textual Evidence for Making Offerings4 The Role of Family Members as Offering Bearers and Language-Games in Different Contexts5 ConclusionConclusionAppendix 1 References of TombsAppendix 2 Designations and Titles of Family MembersAppendix 3 Stance of Family MembersAppendix 4 Family GroupsAppendix 5 Occurrences of StancesAppendix 6 Tombs Containing Specific StancesBibliographyGeneral IndexIndex of Egyptian Words