Julia Muraszkiewicz is Research Manager at Trilateral Research, UK, in the Applied Research and Innovation team. She was the research lead ofProject Solebay looking at risk assessment methodologies for human  trafficking in conflict.Toby Fenton is Associate Product Manager at Trilateral Research, UK, having recently worked on the research and development of a risk assessment tool to support the UK military’s response to modern slavery and human trafficking as part of Project Solebay. Toby’s core background lies in research and consultancy within the defence and security space. Hayley Watson is Practice Manager in the Applied Research and Innovation team within Trilateral Research, UK. She has conducted research on the public’s response to security issues (including crises), public vulnerabilities stemming from the impact of security-related issues, considerations for improving the resilience of the public and other research projects.

• 1. Introduction.- Part I Understanding Human Trafficking in Conflict and How Conflict Facilitates Human Trafficking.- 2. Typology.- 3. Unavoidable Exploitation? Conflict, Agency and Human Trafficking.- 4. Human Trafficking, Conflict and Money Flows .- Part II Trafficking in Conflict: Exploring How Human Trafficking Manifests in Conflict Through the Use of Case Studies.- 5. Russia’s Private Military Forces: A Dual Layer of Human Trafficking?.- 6. What Are the Drivers of Children’s Decision to Enlist in Armed Groups? A Case Study from Antioquia, Colombia.- 7. Occurrence of Human Trafficking in a Conflict/ Peacebuilding Context: Bosnian Experience.- 8. Helping to Keep Those Serving Honourably, Honourable: Trafficking in Persons and the United States Uniform Code of Military Justice.- Part III Addressing Human Trafficking in Conflict and Dealing with the Aftermath.- 9. The Due Diligence Duty and the Role of the Military in the Identification and Protection of Human Trafficking Victims..- 10. Legal Responsibility of the Military Commander to Prevent or Punish the Acts of Human Trafficking Under the Rome Statute.- 11. Applying the Non-punishment Principle to Returnees from Terrorist Organisations.- 12. Trafficking and Child Sexual Violence in Afghanistan: The Military’s Role in Combating Human Trafficking.- 13. How Definitions of ‘Child Soldiers’ Exclude Girls from Demobilisation Efforts.- 14. The Role of Regional Organizations in Addressing Human Trafficking in Conflict: The Cases of NATO and the EU.- 15. Human Security Analysis for Military Planning: Lessons Learnt from Developing a Risk Assessment on Human Trafficking.- 16. Incorporating Human Security Considerations into Military Planning: Some Suggestions.

Julia Muraszkiewicz is Research Manager at Trilateral Research, UK, in the Applied Research and Innovation team. She was the research lead ofProject Solebay looking at risk assessment methodologies for human  trafficking in conflict.Toby Fenton is Associate Product Manager at Trilateral Research, UK, having recently worked on the research and development of a risk assessment tool to support the UK military’s response to modern slavery and human trafficking as part of Project Solebay. Toby’s core background lies in research and consultancy within the defence and security space. Hayley Watson is Practice Manager in the Applied Research and Innovation team within Trilateral Research, UK. She has conducted research on the public’s response to security issues (including crises), public vulnerabilities stemming from the impact of security-related issues, considerations for improving the resilience of the public and other research projects.

• 1. Introduction.- Part I Understanding Human Trafficking in Conflict and How Conflict Facilitates Human Trafficking.- 2. Typology.- 3. Unavoidable Exploitation? Conflict, Agency and Human Trafficking.- 4. Human Trafficking, Conflict and Money Flows .- Part II Trafficking in Conflict: Exploring How Human Trafficking Manifests in Conflict Through the Use of Case Studies.- 5. Russia’s Private Military Forces: A Dual Layer of Human Trafficking?.- 6. What Are the Drivers of Children’s Decision to Enlist in Armed Groups? A Case Study from Antioquia, Colombia.- 7. Occurrence of Human Trafficking in a Conflict/ Peacebuilding Context: Bosnian Experience.- 8. Helping to Keep Those Serving Honourably, Honourable: Trafficking in Persons and the United States Uniform Code of Military Justice.- Part III Addressing Human Trafficking in Conflict and Dealing with the Aftermath.- 9. The Due Diligence Duty and the Role of the Military in the Identification and Protection of Human Trafficking Victims..- 10. Legal Responsibility of the Military Commander to Prevent or Punish the Acts of Human Trafficking Under the Rome Statute.- 11. Applying the Non-punishment Principle to Returnees from Terrorist Organisations.- 12. Trafficking and Child Sexual Violence in Afghanistan: The Military’s Role in Combating Human Trafficking.- 13. How Definitions of ‘Child Soldiers’ Exclude Girls from Demobilisation Efforts.- 14. The Role of Regional Organizations in Addressing Human Trafficking in Conflict: The Cases of NATO and the EU.- 15. Human Security Analysis for Military Planning: Lessons Learnt from Developing a Risk Assessment on Human Trafficking.- 16. Incorporating Human Security Considerations into Military Planning: Some Suggestions.

Julia Muraszkiewicz is Research Manager at Trilateral Research, UK, in the Applied Research and Innovation team. She was the research lead ofProject Solebay looking at risk assessment methodologies for human  trafficking in conflict.Toby Fenton is Associate Product Manager at Trilateral Research, UK, having recently worked on the research and development of a risk assessment tool to support the UK military’s response to modern slavery and human trafficking as part of Project Solebay. Toby’s core background lies in research and consultancy within the defence and security space. Hayley Watson is Practice Manager in the Applied Research and Innovation team within Trilateral Research, UK. She has conducted research on the public’s response to security issues (including crises), public vulnerabilities stemming from the impact of security-related issues, considerations for improving the resilience of the public and other research projects.

• 1. Introduction.- Part I Understanding Human Trafficking in Conflict and How Conflict Facilitates Human Trafficking.- 2. Typology.- 3. Unavoidable Exploitation? Conflict, Agency and Human Trafficking.- 4. Human Trafficking, Conflict and Money Flows .- Part II Trafficking in Conflict: Exploring How Human Trafficking Manifests in Conflict Through the Use of Case Studies.- 5. Russia’s Private Military Forces: A Dual Layer of Human Trafficking?.- 6. What Are the Drivers of Children’s Decision to Enlist in Armed Groups? A Case Study from Antioquia, Colombia.- 7. Occurrence of Human Trafficking in a Conflict/ Peacebuilding Context: Bosnian Experience.- 8. Helping to Keep Those Serving Honourably, Honourable: Trafficking in Persons and the United States Uniform Code of Military Justice.- Part III Addressing Human Trafficking in Conflict and Dealing with the Aftermath.- 9. The Due Diligence Duty and the Role of the Military in the Identification and Protection of Human Trafficking Victims..- 10. Legal Responsibility of the Military Commander to Prevent or Punish the Acts of Human Trafficking Under the Rome Statute.- 11. Applying the Non-punishment Principle to Returnees from Terrorist Organisations.- 12. Trafficking and Child Sexual Violence in Afghanistan: The Military’s Role in Combating Human Trafficking.- 13. How Definitions of ‘Child Soldiers’ Exclude Girls from Demobilisation Efforts.- 14. The Role of Regional Organizations in Addressing Human Trafficking in Conflict: The Cases of NATO and the EU.- 15. Human Security Analysis for Military Planning: Lessons Learnt from Developing a Risk Assessment on Human Trafficking.- 16. Incorporating Human Security Considerations into Military Planning: Some Suggestions.