How Learning Works

Translate the science of learning into strategies for maximum learning impact in your classroom.

The content, skills, and understandings students need to learn today are as diverse, complex, and multidimensional as the students in our classrooms. How can educators best create the learning experiences students need to truly learn?

How Learning Works: A Playbookunpacks the science of how students learn and translates that knowledge into promising principles or practices that can be implemented in the classroom or utilized by students on their own learning journey. Designed to help educators create learning experiences that better align with how learning works, each module in this playbook is grounded in research and features prompts, tools, practice exercises, and discussion strategies that help teachers to

• Describe what is meant by learning in the local context of your classroom, including identifying any barriers to learning.


• Adapt promising principles and practices to meet the specific needs of your studentsparticularly regarding motivation, attention, encoding, retrieval and practice, cognitive load and memory, productive struggle, and feedback.


• Translate research on learning into learning strategies that accelerate learning and build students capacity to take ownership of their own learningsuch as summarizing, spaced practice, interleaved practice, elaborate interrogation, and transfer strategies.


• Generate and gather evidence of impact by engaging students in reciprocal teaching and effective feedback on learning.