Hossein Kamaly is Associate Professor of Islamic Studies at Hartford Seminary. A scholar of the Middle East, focusing on the history of ideas, he has previously taught at Barnard College and Columbia University, and is the author of God and Man in Tehran. He lives in New York.

• Introduction 1  Khadija (ca. 560–619): The First Believer2  Fatima (ca. 612–633): Prophet Muhammad’s Flesh and Blood3  Aisha (ca. 615–678): “Get Half of Your Religion From Her”4  Rabia al-Adawiyya (ca. 717–801): The Embarrassment of Riches, and its Discontents5  Fatima of Nishapur (ca. 1000–1088): Keeper of the Faith6  Arwa of Yemen (ca. 1050–1138): The Queen of Sheba Redux7  Terken Khatun (ca. 1205–1281): Doing Well and Doing Good8  Shajara’-al-Durr (d. 1257): Perils of Power, Between Caliphs and Mamluks9  Sayyida al-Hurra of Tétouan (ca. 1492 –ca. 1560): The Free Queen10  Pari Khanum (1548–1578): A Golden Link in the Safavid Chain of Command11  Nur Jahan (1577–1645): Light of the World12  Safiye Sultan (ca. 1550–ca. 1619): A Mother of Many Kings13  Tajul-Alam Safiatuddin Syah (1612–1675): Diamonds Are Not Forever14  Tahereh (ca. 1814–1852): Heroine or Heretic?15  Nana Asmau (1793–1864): Jihad and Sisterhood16  Mukhlisa Bubi (1869–1937): Educator and Jurist17  Halidé Edip (ca. 1884–1964): Author of the New Turkey18  Noor Inayat Khan (1914–1944): The Anxiety of Belonging19  Umm Kulthum (ca. 1904–1975): Lodestar of Union20  Zaha Hadid (1950–2016): Curves in Glass and Concrete21  Maryam Mirzakhani (1977–2017): The Princess of Mathematics AfterwordNotesFurther ReadingBibliographyAcknowledgmentsIndex

‘Here in all their gutsy glory are women whose voices have not received the prominence that is their due within the story of Islam… A History of Islam in 21 Women is an act of reclamation on several fronts. For Muslim women, it provides an empowering and exhilarating genealogy of strong forebears whom they can connect to their contemporary journeys of empowerment. For Western readers, it exposes the untruths that have characterized Muslim women as deferential beings in need of rescue.’

Hossein Kamaly is Associate Professor of Islamic Studies at Hartford Seminary. A scholar of the Middle East, focusing on the history of ideas, he has previously taught at Barnard College and Columbia University, and is the author of God and Man in Tehran. He lives in New York.

• Introduction 1  Khadija (ca. 560–619): The First Believer2  Fatima (ca. 612–633): Prophet Muhammad’s Flesh and Blood3  Aisha (ca. 615–678): “Get Half of Your Religion From Her”4  Rabia al-Adawiyya (ca. 717–801): The Embarrassment of Riches, and its Discontents5  Fatima of Nishapur (ca. 1000–1088): Keeper of the Faith6  Arwa of Yemen (ca. 1050–1138): The Queen of Sheba Redux7  Terken Khatun (ca. 1205–1281): Doing Well and Doing Good8  Shajara’-al-Durr (d. 1257): Perils of Power, Between Caliphs and Mamluks9  Sayyida al-Hurra of Tétouan (ca. 1492 –ca. 1560): The Free Queen10  Pari Khanum (1548–1578): A Golden Link in the Safavid Chain of Command11  Nur Jahan (1577–1645): Light of the World12  Safiye Sultan (ca. 1550–ca. 1619): A Mother of Many Kings13  Tajul-Alam Safiatuddin Syah (1612–1675): Diamonds Are Not Forever14  Tahereh (ca. 1814–1852): Heroine or Heretic?15  Nana Asmau (1793–1864): Jihad and Sisterhood16  Mukhlisa Bubi (1869–1937): Educator and Jurist17  Halidé Edip (ca. 1884–1964): Author of the New Turkey18  Noor Inayat Khan (1914–1944): The Anxiety of Belonging19  Umm Kulthum (ca. 1904–1975): Lodestar of Union20  Zaha Hadid (1950–2016): Curves in Glass and Concrete21  Maryam Mirzakhani (1977–2017): The Princess of Mathematics AfterwordNotesFurther ReadingBibliographyAcknowledgmentsIndex

‘Here in all their gutsy glory are women whose voices have not received the prominence that is their due within the story of Islam… A History of Islam in 21 Women is an act of reclamation on several fronts. For Muslim women, it provides an empowering and exhilarating genealogy of strong forebears whom they can connect to their contemporary journeys of empowerment. For Western readers, it exposes the untruths that have characterized Muslim women as deferential beings in need of rescue.’

Hossein Kamaly is Associate Professor of Islamic Studies at Hartford Seminary. A scholar of the Middle East, focusing on the history of ideas, he has previously taught at Barnard College and Columbia University, and is the author of God and Man in Tehran. He lives in New York.

• Introduction 1  Khadija (ca. 560–619): The First Believer2  Fatima (ca. 612–633): Prophet Muhammad’s Flesh and Blood3  Aisha (ca. 615–678): “Get Half of Your Religion From Her”4  Rabia al-Adawiyya (ca. 717–801): The Embarrassment of Riches, and its Discontents5  Fatima of Nishapur (ca. 1000–1088): Keeper of the Faith6  Arwa of Yemen (ca. 1050–1138): The Queen of Sheba Redux7  Terken Khatun (ca. 1205–1281): Doing Well and Doing Good8  Shajara’-al-Durr (d. 1257): Perils of Power, Between Caliphs and Mamluks9  Sayyida al-Hurra of Tétouan (ca. 1492 –ca. 1560): The Free Queen10  Pari Khanum (1548–1578): A Golden Link in the Safavid Chain of Command11  Nur Jahan (1577–1645): Light of the World12  Safiye Sultan (ca. 1550–ca. 1619): A Mother of Many Kings13  Tajul-Alam Safiatuddin Syah (1612–1675): Diamonds Are Not Forever14  Tahereh (ca. 1814–1852): Heroine or Heretic?15  Nana Asmau (1793–1864): Jihad and Sisterhood16  Mukhlisa Bubi (1869–1937): Educator and Jurist17  Halidé Edip (ca. 1884–1964): Author of the New Turkey18  Noor Inayat Khan (1914–1944): The Anxiety of Belonging19  Umm Kulthum (ca. 1904–1975): Lodestar of Union20  Zaha Hadid (1950–2016): Curves in Glass and Concrete21  Maryam Mirzakhani (1977–2017): The Princess of Mathematics AfterwordNotesFurther ReadingBibliographyAcknowledgmentsIndex

‘Here in all their gutsy glory are women whose voices have not received the prominence that is their due within the story of Islam… A History of Islam in 21 Women is an act of reclamation on several fronts. For Muslim women, it provides an empowering and exhilarating genealogy of strong forebears whom they can connect to their contemporary journeys of empowerment. For Western readers, it exposes the untruths that have characterized Muslim women as deferential beings in need of rescue.’