Dr Wilson was educated at the Universities of Cambridge (PhD supervisor: Prof. Richard Lambert) and Liverpool. She moved to York in 1998, undertaking post-doctoral research on new mesoporous solid acids with Prof. James Clark, and was subsequently appointed to a lectureship at York in 1999. Karen was promoted to Senior Lecturer in 2007, prior to her appointment as Reader in Physical Chemistry at Cardiff University. Her research interests lie in the design of hierarchical porous solid catalysts for clean chemical synthesis, particularly the development of tuneable solid acids and bases for sustainable bio-diesel synthesis. She has recently been awarded a Royal Society Industry fellowship to work on new catalysts for biofuel production.Prof Lee carried out undergraduate and postgraduate studies at the University of Cambridge (PhD supervisor: Prof. Richard Lambert). He was appointed to a lectureship at the University of Hull in 1996, before moving to the University of York where he was promoted to Senior Lecturer (2006). In 2009, Adam was awarded an EPSRC Leadership Fellowship and appointed Professor of Physical Chemistry at Cardiff University. His research interests lie in the design of tailored nanocatalysts for green chemistry, and the development of in situ methodologies to provide mechanistic insight into surface processes.

• INTRODUCTION TO CLEAN TECHNOLOGY AND CATALYSISGreen Chemistry and Clean TechnologyGreen Chemistry MetricsAlternative SolventsHeterogeneous or HomogeneousAlternative Energy Reactors for Green ChemistryConcluding Remarks MECHANISTIC STUDIES OF ALCOHOL SELECTIVE OXIDATIONIntroductionMetal-Catalyzed Alcohol SeloxOxide, Sulfide, and Vanadate CatalystsSolvent SelectionIn Situ and Operando X-Ray Studies of Selox CatalystsConclusions REACTION MONITORING IN MULTIPHASE SYSTEMS: APPLICATION OF COUPLED IN SITU SPECTROSCOPIC TECHNIQUES IN ORGANIC SYNTHESISIntroductionMethod CouplingSpectroscopic Reactors and Practical AspectsSelected Examples of UseConclusion and Outlook IN SITU STUDIES ON PHOTOCATALYTIC MATERIALS, SURFACE INTERMEDIATES, AND REACTION MECHANISMIntroductionIn Situ InvestigationsConcluding Remarks ENANTIOSELECTIVE HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSISIntroductionStrategies for the Creation of Enantioselective Heterogeneous CatalystsConcluding Remarks -A Comparison of the Various Approaches to Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts MECHANISTIC STUDIES OF SOLID ACIDS AND BASE-CATALYZED CLEAN TECHNOLOGIESIntroductionNew Catalytic SystemsBiomass ConversionsSummary SITE-ISOLATED HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSTSIntroductionAssembled Monolayers of Metal Complexes on Single-Crystal SurfacesReaction-Induced and Photoinduced Formation of Unsaturated Ru Complexes Supported on SiO2 SurfacesManganese Triazacyclononane Catalysts Grafted under Reaction ConditionsWell-Defined Silica-Supported Mo-Imido Alkylidene Complexes for MetathesisDouble Catalytic Activation Using a Bifunctional Catalyst with both Acid and Base on Solid SurfacesSummary DESIGNING POROUS INORGANIC ARCHITECTURESIntroductionTemplated Methods for the Preparation of Ordered Porous MaterialsHierarchical Porous MaterialsConcluding Remarks TAILORED NANOPARTICLES FOR CLEAN TECHNOLOGY -ACHIEVING SIZE AND SHAPE CONTROLIntroductionSize Effects-Setting the SceneSize Effects Illustrated by Way of Examples of Selected Industrially Important ReactionsShape EffectsConclusion APPLICATIO OF METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS IN FINE CHEMICAL SYNTHESISMetal-Organic Frameworks as Heterogeneous CatalystsApplications in Carbon-Carbon Bond FormationApplications in Oxidation, Carbon-Oxygen, and Carbon-Nitrogen Bond FormationApplications in Asymmetric SynthesisConcluding Remarks PROCESS INTENSIFICATION FOR CLEAN CATALYTIC TECHNOLOGYIntroductionEffect of Transport Phenomena on Heterogeneous CatalysisConclusion RECENT TRENDS IN OPERANDO AND IN SITU CHARACTERIZATION: TECHNIQUES FOR RATIONAL DESIGN OF CATALYSTSIntroductionCatalyst NascenceSynthesis of Silicalite-1 Molecular SievesPreparation of Supported Metal CatalystsCatalyst LifeElucidating the Reaction Mechanism of Aerobic Oxidation of Benzyl AlcoholDetermination of the Active Sites in Aerobic Oxidation of Benzyl AlcoholCatalyst DeathMethanol to HydrocarbonsPropane DehydrogenationSummary and Conclusions APPLICATION OF NMR IN ONLINE MONITORING OF CATALYST PERFORMANCEOnline Monitoring with NMR SpectroscopyQuantitative NMR Spectroscopy in Technical SamplesFlow and High-Pressure NR Spectroscopy for Reaction MonitoringSelected Applications of NMR in Online Monitoring of Catalyst PerformanceConclusions AMBIENT-PRESSURE X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPYIntroductionTechnical AspectsApplications of APXPSOutlook

Dr Wilson was educated at the Universities of Cambridge (PhD supervisor: Prof. Richard Lambert) and Liverpool. She moved to York in 1998, undertaking post-doctoral research on new mesoporous solid acids with Prof. James Clark, and was subsequently appointed to a lectureship at York in 1999. Karen was promoted to Senior Lecturer in 2007, prior to her appointment as Reader in Physical Chemistry at Cardiff University. Her research interests lie in the design of hierarchical porous solid catalysts for clean chemical synthesis, particularly the development of tuneable solid acids and bases for sustainable bio-diesel synthesis. She has recently been awarded a Royal Society Industry fellowship to work on new catalysts for biofuel production.Prof Lee carried out undergraduate and postgraduate studies at the University of Cambridge (PhD supervisor: Prof. Richard Lambert). He was appointed to a lectureship at the University of Hull in 1996, before moving to the University of York where he was promoted to Senior Lecturer (2006). In 2009, Adam was awarded an EPSRC Leadership Fellowship and appointed Professor of Physical Chemistry at Cardiff University. His research interests lie in the design of tailored nanocatalysts for green chemistry, and the development of in situ methodologies to provide mechanistic insight into surface processes.

• INTRODUCTION TO CLEAN TECHNOLOGY AND CATALYSISGreen Chemistry and Clean TechnologyGreen Chemistry MetricsAlternative SolventsHeterogeneous or HomogeneousAlternative Energy Reactors for Green ChemistryConcluding Remarks MECHANISTIC STUDIES OF ALCOHOL SELECTIVE OXIDATIONIntroductionMetal-Catalyzed Alcohol SeloxOxide, Sulfide, and Vanadate CatalystsSolvent SelectionIn Situ and Operando X-Ray Studies of Selox CatalystsConclusions REACTION MONITORING IN MULTIPHASE SYSTEMS: APPLICATION OF COUPLED IN SITU SPECTROSCOPIC TECHNIQUES IN ORGANIC SYNTHESISIntroductionMethod CouplingSpectroscopic Reactors and Practical AspectsSelected Examples of UseConclusion and Outlook IN SITU STUDIES ON PHOTOCATALYTIC MATERIALS, SURFACE INTERMEDIATES, AND REACTION MECHANISMIntroductionIn Situ InvestigationsConcluding Remarks ENANTIOSELECTIVE HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSISIntroductionStrategies for the Creation of Enantioselective Heterogeneous CatalystsConcluding Remarks -A Comparison of the Various Approaches to Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts MECHANISTIC STUDIES OF SOLID ACIDS AND BASE-CATALYZED CLEAN TECHNOLOGIESIntroductionNew Catalytic SystemsBiomass ConversionsSummary SITE-ISOLATED HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSTSIntroductionAssembled Monolayers of Metal Complexes on Single-Crystal SurfacesReaction-Induced and Photoinduced Formation of Unsaturated Ru Complexes Supported on SiO2 SurfacesManganese Triazacyclononane Catalysts Grafted under Reaction ConditionsWell-Defined Silica-Supported Mo-Imido Alkylidene Complexes for MetathesisDouble Catalytic Activation Using a Bifunctional Catalyst with both Acid and Base on Solid SurfacesSummary DESIGNING POROUS INORGANIC ARCHITECTURESIntroductionTemplated Methods for the Preparation of Ordered Porous MaterialsHierarchical Porous MaterialsConcluding Remarks TAILORED NANOPARTICLES FOR CLEAN TECHNOLOGY -ACHIEVING SIZE AND SHAPE CONTROLIntroductionSize Effects-Setting the SceneSize Effects Illustrated by Way of Examples of Selected Industrially Important ReactionsShape EffectsConclusion APPLICATIO OF METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS IN FINE CHEMICAL SYNTHESISMetal-Organic Frameworks as Heterogeneous CatalystsApplications in Carbon-Carbon Bond FormationApplications in Oxidation, Carbon-Oxygen, and Carbon-Nitrogen Bond FormationApplications in Asymmetric SynthesisConcluding Remarks PROCESS INTENSIFICATION FOR CLEAN CATALYTIC TECHNOLOGYIntroductionEffect of Transport Phenomena on Heterogeneous CatalysisConclusion RECENT TRENDS IN OPERANDO AND IN SITU CHARACTERIZATION: TECHNIQUES FOR RATIONAL DESIGN OF CATALYSTSIntroductionCatalyst NascenceSynthesis of Silicalite-1 Molecular SievesPreparation of Supported Metal CatalystsCatalyst LifeElucidating the Reaction Mechanism of Aerobic Oxidation of Benzyl AlcoholDetermination of the Active Sites in Aerobic Oxidation of Benzyl AlcoholCatalyst DeathMethanol to HydrocarbonsPropane DehydrogenationSummary and Conclusions APPLICATION OF NMR IN ONLINE MONITORING OF CATALYST PERFORMANCEOnline Monitoring with NMR SpectroscopyQuantitative NMR Spectroscopy in Technical SamplesFlow and High-Pressure NR Spectroscopy for Reaction MonitoringSelected Applications of NMR in Online Monitoring of Catalyst PerformanceConclusions AMBIENT-PRESSURE X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPYIntroductionTechnical AspectsApplications of APXPSOutlook

Dr Wilson was educated at the Universities of Cambridge (PhD supervisor: Prof. Richard Lambert) and Liverpool. She moved to York in 1998, undertaking post-doctoral research on new mesoporous solid acids with Prof. James Clark, and was subsequently appointed to a lectureship at York in 1999. Karen was promoted to Senior Lecturer in 2007, prior to her appointment as Reader in Physical Chemistry at Cardiff University. Her research interests lie in the design of hierarchical porous solid catalysts for clean chemical synthesis, particularly the development of tuneable solid acids and bases for sustainable bio-diesel synthesis. She has recently been awarded a Royal Society Industry fellowship to work on new catalysts for biofuel production.Prof Lee carried out undergraduate and postgraduate studies at the University of Cambridge (PhD supervisor: Prof. Richard Lambert). He was appointed to a lectureship at the University of Hull in 1996, before moving to the University of York where he was promoted to Senior Lecturer (2006). In 2009, Adam was awarded an EPSRC Leadership Fellowship and appointed Professor of Physical Chemistry at Cardiff University. His research interests lie in the design of tailored nanocatalysts for green chemistry, and the development of in situ methodologies to provide mechanistic insight into surface processes.

• INTRODUCTION TO CLEAN TECHNOLOGY AND CATALYSISGreen Chemistry and Clean TechnologyGreen Chemistry MetricsAlternative SolventsHeterogeneous or HomogeneousAlternative Energy Reactors for Green ChemistryConcluding Remarks MECHANISTIC STUDIES OF ALCOHOL SELECTIVE OXIDATIONIntroductionMetal-Catalyzed Alcohol SeloxOxide, Sulfide, and Vanadate CatalystsSolvent SelectionIn Situ and Operando X-Ray Studies of Selox CatalystsConclusions REACTION MONITORING IN MULTIPHASE SYSTEMS: APPLICATION OF COUPLED IN SITU SPECTROSCOPIC TECHNIQUES IN ORGANIC SYNTHESISIntroductionMethod CouplingSpectroscopic Reactors and Practical AspectsSelected Examples of UseConclusion and Outlook IN SITU STUDIES ON PHOTOCATALYTIC MATERIALS, SURFACE INTERMEDIATES, AND REACTION MECHANISMIntroductionIn Situ InvestigationsConcluding Remarks ENANTIOSELECTIVE HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSISIntroductionStrategies for the Creation of Enantioselective Heterogeneous CatalystsConcluding Remarks -A Comparison of the Various Approaches to Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts MECHANISTIC STUDIES OF SOLID ACIDS AND BASE-CATALYZED CLEAN TECHNOLOGIESIntroductionNew Catalytic SystemsBiomass ConversionsSummary SITE-ISOLATED HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSTSIntroductionAssembled Monolayers of Metal Complexes on Single-Crystal SurfacesReaction-Induced and Photoinduced Formation of Unsaturated Ru Complexes Supported on SiO2 SurfacesManganese Triazacyclononane Catalysts Grafted under Reaction ConditionsWell-Defined Silica-Supported Mo-Imido Alkylidene Complexes for MetathesisDouble Catalytic Activation Using a Bifunctional Catalyst with both Acid and Base on Solid SurfacesSummary DESIGNING POROUS INORGANIC ARCHITECTURESIntroductionTemplated Methods for the Preparation of Ordered Porous MaterialsHierarchical Porous MaterialsConcluding Remarks TAILORED NANOPARTICLES FOR CLEAN TECHNOLOGY -ACHIEVING SIZE AND SHAPE CONTROLIntroductionSize Effects-Setting the SceneSize Effects Illustrated by Way of Examples of Selected Industrially Important ReactionsShape EffectsConclusion APPLICATIO OF METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS IN FINE CHEMICAL SYNTHESISMetal-Organic Frameworks as Heterogeneous CatalystsApplications in Carbon-Carbon Bond FormationApplications in Oxidation, Carbon-Oxygen, and Carbon-Nitrogen Bond FormationApplications in Asymmetric SynthesisConcluding Remarks PROCESS INTENSIFICATION FOR CLEAN CATALYTIC TECHNOLOGYIntroductionEffect of Transport Phenomena on Heterogeneous CatalysisConclusion RECENT TRENDS IN OPERANDO AND IN SITU CHARACTERIZATION: TECHNIQUES FOR RATIONAL DESIGN OF CATALYSTSIntroductionCatalyst NascenceSynthesis of Silicalite-1 Molecular SievesPreparation of Supported Metal CatalystsCatalyst LifeElucidating the Reaction Mechanism of Aerobic Oxidation of Benzyl AlcoholDetermination of the Active Sites in Aerobic Oxidation of Benzyl AlcoholCatalyst DeathMethanol to HydrocarbonsPropane DehydrogenationSummary and Conclusions APPLICATION OF NMR IN ONLINE MONITORING OF CATALYST PERFORMANCEOnline Monitoring with NMR SpectroscopyQuantitative NMR Spectroscopy in Technical SamplesFlow and High-Pressure NR Spectroscopy for Reaction MonitoringSelected Applications of NMR in Online Monitoring of Catalyst PerformanceConclusions AMBIENT-PRESSURE X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPYIntroductionTechnical AspectsApplications of APXPSOutlook