Luca Zan is Professor of Arts Management at the University of Bologna, Italy; Adjunct Faculty at Carnegie Mellon University, USA; and Central Academy of Fine Arts, Beijing. His current research focuses on international comparisons in managing arts and heritage organizations.Bing Yu holds Masters degrees in Engineering and Business Administration. She is currently a Research Fellow and Deputy of the Institute for Heritage Studies, CACH, Beijing. Jianli Yu holds Masters degrees in Archaeology and Science. He is an Associate Research Fellow at the Institute for Heritage Studies, CACH, Beijing.Haiming Yan holds a PhD in Sociology and is currently an Associate Research Fellow at the China World Cultural Heritage Center, CACH, Beijing.

• Introduction 1. Contextualizing heritage discourse in current China 2. Early conversations and profressional practices regarding large-scale cultural relics 3. Setting the dayizhi policy 4. A three-level discussion on the dayizhi policy: toward unanticipated consequences? 5. Desk and field work: the research methodology 6. Luoyang and the Sui and Tang Capital City: complex heritage inside a crucial district 7. Xi’an and Daming Palace 8. Niuheliang: from dayizhi to parkization in a rural area 9. Xinjiang: the tensions between heritage, landscape conservation, and social impacts in a harsh climate 10. Nanyuewang Palace site 11. Yanxiadu Capital site 12. Understanding dayizhi practices from the field work 13. Assessing the dayizhi policy: the aggregate view 14. Dayizhi policy: addressing some unanticipated driving forces Concluding Remarks - beyond dayizhi