Hematology

Barbara J. Bain is a hematologist whose research is focused on morphology of blood cells, ethnic and biological differences in hematological variables and cytogenetics and molecular genetics in relation to hematology. She has collaborated with numerous experts in the field and contributed to the 2008 and 2016 editions of the WHO Classification of Tumours of Haemopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues.

• Preface xNote to the Reader xiAcknowledgements xiiAbbreviations xv1 Malaria – one swallow makes a summer 12 The significance of irregularly contracted cells and hemighosts in sickle cell disease 23 Striking dyserythropoiesis in sickle cell anemia following an aplastic crisis 34 A normal mean cell volume does not exclude a diagnosis of megaloblastic anemia 45 Prominent Howell–Jolly bodies when megaloblastic anemia develops in a hyposplenic patient 66 A ghostly presence – G6PD deficiency 77 G6PD deficiency in patients identified as female 88 The cause of sudden anemia revealed by the blood film 99 Choreo- acanthocytosis 1010 Lead poisoning 1211 Dysplastic neutrophils in an HIV- positive woman 1412 Help with HELLP 1513 Neutrophil dysplasia induced by granulocyte colony- stimulating factor 1614 COVID- 19 and acute kidney injury 1715 Diagnosis of pyrimidine 5′ nucleotidase deficiency suspected from a blood film 1916 Bone marrow aspirate in Chédiak–Higashi syndrome 2017 Phytosterolemia 2118 Pseudo- Chédiak–Higashi inclusions together with Auer rods in acute myeloid leukemia 2219 Botryoid nuclei resulting from cocaine abuse 2320 Infantile pyknocytosis 2521 Splenic rupture in cytomegalovirus infection 2722 A new diagnosis of monoclonal B- cell lymphocytosis with cytoplasmic inclusions in a patient with COVID- 19 2923 Pseudoplatelets and apoptosis in Burkitt lymphoma 3124 What is a promonocyte? 3225 Persistent neonatal jaundice resulting from hereditary pyropoikilocytosis 3426 Auer rods or McCrae rods? 3627 Observation of Auer rods in crushed cells in acute promyelocytic leukemia 3728 Alpha chain inclusions in peripheral blood erythroblasts and erythrocytes 3929 Dyserythropoiesis in visceral leishmaniasis 4130 Compound heterozygosity for hemoglobins S and D 4231 Granular B lymphoblastic leukemia 4332 Hyposplenism in adult T- cell leukemia/lymphoma 4433 Voxelotor in sickle cell disease 4534 The importance of a negative image 4835 Seeing what isn’t there 4936 A young woman with sudden onset of a severe coagulation abnormality 5037 Immature Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes in bone marrow 5138 Acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia- related changes showing basophilic differentiation 5239 Thiamine- responsive megaloblastic anemia in an Iraqi girl 5340 Teardrop poikilocytes in metastatic carcinoma of the breast 5441 A blood film that could have averted a splenectomy 5542 Russell bodies and Mott cells 5743 Dutcher bodies 5944 Acute myeloid leukemia with inv(16)(p13.1q22) 6145 Dysplastic macropolycytes in myelodysplasia- related acute myeloid leukemia 6346 Diagnosis of cystinosis from a bone marrow aspirate 6447 Emperipolesis in a patient receiving romiplostim 6548 Mechanical hemolysis: a low mean cell volume does not always represent microcytosis 6649 Transplant- associated thrombotic microangiopathy 6750 Neuroblastoma in the bone marrow 6951 Gray platelet syndrome 7052 Diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus from a bone marrow aspirate 7153 Diagnosis from a blood film following a dog bite 7254 Interpreting a postpartum Kleihauer test 7355 Dengue fever in returning travellers 7456 Auer rod- like inclusions in multiple myeloma 7657 Azurophilic granules in myeloma cells 7758 Plasmodium knowlesi 7859 The cytological features of NPM1- mutated acute myeloid leukemia 7960 Irregularly contracted cells in Wilson disease 8161 Pseudo- Pelger–Huët neutrophil morphology due to sodium valproate toxicity 8262 The distinctive cytological features of T- cell prolymphocytic leukemia 8363 Eosinophil morphology in the reactive eosinophilia of Hodgkin lymphoma 8664 Malaria pigment 8765 Salmonella colonies in a bone marrow film 8866 Severe babesiosis due to Babesia divergens acquired in the UK 8967 Congenital acute megakaryoblastic leukemia 9168 Basophilic differentiation in transient abnormal myelopoiesis 9269 Methylene blue- induced Heinz body hemolytic anemia in a premature neonate 9370 Neutrophil vacuolation in acetominophen- induced acute liver failure 9571 Howell–Jolly bodies in acute hemolytic anemia 9672 The distinctive micromegakaryocytes of transformed chronic myeloid leukemia 9773 Copper deficiency 9874 Chronic neutrophilic leukemia 9975 Neutrophilic leukemoid reaction in multiple myeloma 10176 Persistent polyclonal B lymphocytosis 10377 Non- hemopoietic cells in the blood and bone marrow 10478 It’s a black day – metastatic melanoma in the bone marrow 10579 Dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis 10680 Circulating lymphoma cells in intravascular large B- cell lymphoma 10781 Unusual inclusions in hemoglobin H disease post- splenectomy 10882 An unexpectedly bizarre blood film in hemoglobin H disease 10983 Acute myeloid leukemia with a severe coagulopathy and t(8;16)(p11;p13) 11184 Cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia secondary to atypical pneumonia 11385 A confusing ‘white cell count’ – circulating micromegakaryocytes in post- thrombocythemia myelofibrosis 11486 Diagnosis of follicular lymphoma from the peripheral blood 11587 Transformation of follicular lymphoma 11788 Cytology of systemic mastocytosis 11889 Systemic mastocytosis – the importance of looking within bone marrow fragments 11990 Schistocytosis is not always microangiopathic hemolytic anemia 12091 Hemoglobin C disease 12192 Hemoglobin St Mary’s 12293 Congenital sideroblastic anemia in a female 12394 A puzzling case of methemoglobinemia 12595 Hodgkin lymphoma in a bone marrow aspirate 12796 Giant proerythroblasts in pure red cell aplasia due to parvovirus B19 infection in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis 12897 A myeloid neoplasm with FIP1L1::PDGFRA presenting as acute myeloid leukemia 12998 Breast implant- associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma 13199 Large granular lymphocytosis induced by dasatinib 132100 The distinctive cytology and disease evolution of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm 134101 Platelet phagocytosis as a cause of pseudothrombocytopenia 136Test yourself 137Answers to test cases 145Index 152