Philip J. Kain is Professor of Philosophy at Santa Clara University and is the author of Marx and Modern Political Theory: From Hobbes to Contemporary Feminism.

• Acknowledgments Abbreviations Introduction: Structure and Method of the Phenomenology 1. Consciousness and the Transcendental Deduction I. Kant's Transcendental DeductionII. Sense-Certainty III. Perception IV. Force and the Understanding 2. Self-Consciousness and the Other I. Self-Consciousness II. Lordship and Bondage III. Theory and the Object IV. Theory and Power V. Stoicism and the Flight from Heteronomy VI. Scepticism and the Attack on the Transcendental Self VII. Unhappy Consciousness and the Highest Good 3. Reason in the World Part A. Theoretical Reason I. Affirmation of Idealism II. Inner and Outer III. Physiognomy and Phrenology Part B. Practical Reason IV. Pleasure and Necessity V. The Law of the Heart VI. Virtue and the Way of the World Part C. Individuality that Takes Itself to Be Real In and For Itself VII. The Spiritual Animal Kingdom and Deceit, or the Fact Itself VIII. Reason as Lawgiver IX. Reason as Testing Laws 4. Culture and Reality I. The Transcendental Deduction and Culture II. The Ethical Order, Women, and Oppression III. Legal Status and the Emperor IV. Culture and EstrangementV. Enlightenment's Attack on BeliefVI. Reason, Revolution, and Terror VII. Phenomenology or History? VIII. Morality and the Final Purpose 5. Culture, Religion, and Absolute Knowing I. Religion II. Alienation and Estrangement Overcome III. The Absolute and Its Deduction IV. A Culturally Relative Absolute V. Hegel's Ethnocentrism and RacismVI. Cultural Relativism and Truth Notes Bibliography Index

"…Kain offers a unique interpretation of Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit, thereby providing an interesting inquiry and explanation of both the workings of Hegel's text, and the underlying theory (or theories) that inform it." — Philosophy in Review"I admire the simplicity of Kain's style. He is determined to appropriate Hegel's thought, not his cumbersome syntax. There is no fudging on positions here, nor rhetorical camouflage. The reader gets the impression that Hegel can be understood on his own terms and then used to confront contemporary problems. It is a comprehensive interpretation that makes a major contribution to Hegel studies and to socio-cultural studies, raises important questions in the philosophy of religion, and engages recent and significant scholarship." — Michael G. Vater, coeditor of Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit: New Critical Essays"With exceptional straightforwardness of style, the author argues not only that a Kantian-type 'presuppositional necessity' is the bedrock of the phenomenological strategy in Hegel, but also that Kantian epistemology is at the center of the issues in the first three chapters of the Phenomenology, a treatment that is quite insightful and compelling. The extent of the connection to Kantian philosophy is unique and provocative and is certain to stimulate much discussion and debate." — David A. Duquette, editor of Hegel's History of Philosophy: New Interpretations

Philip J. Kain is Professor of Philosophy at Santa Clara University and is the author of Marx and Modern Political Theory: From Hobbes to Contemporary Feminism.

• Acknowledgments Abbreviations Introduction: Structure and Method of the Phenomenology 1. Consciousness and the Transcendental Deduction I. Kant's Transcendental DeductionII. Sense-Certainty III. Perception IV. Force and the Understanding 2. Self-Consciousness and the Other I. Self-Consciousness II. Lordship and Bondage III. Theory and the Object IV. Theory and Power V. Stoicism and the Flight from Heteronomy VI. Scepticism and the Attack on the Transcendental Self VII. Unhappy Consciousness and the Highest Good 3. Reason in the World Part A. Theoretical Reason I. Affirmation of Idealism II. Inner and Outer III. Physiognomy and Phrenology Part B. Practical Reason IV. Pleasure and Necessity V. The Law of the Heart VI. Virtue and the Way of the World Part C. Individuality that Takes Itself to Be Real In and For Itself VII. The Spiritual Animal Kingdom and Deceit, or the Fact Itself VIII. Reason as Lawgiver IX. Reason as Testing Laws 4. Culture and Reality I. The Transcendental Deduction and Culture II. The Ethical Order, Women, and Oppression III. Legal Status and the Emperor IV. Culture and EstrangementV. Enlightenment's Attack on BeliefVI. Reason, Revolution, and Terror VII. Phenomenology or History? VIII. Morality and the Final Purpose 5. Culture, Religion, and Absolute Knowing I. Religion II. Alienation and Estrangement Overcome III. The Absolute and Its Deduction IV. A Culturally Relative Absolute V. Hegel's Ethnocentrism and RacismVI. Cultural Relativism and Truth Notes Bibliography Index

"…Kain offers a unique interpretation of Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit, thereby providing an interesting inquiry and explanation of both the workings of Hegel's text, and the underlying theory (or theories) that inform it." — Philosophy in Review"I admire the simplicity of Kain's style. He is determined to appropriate Hegel's thought, not his cumbersome syntax. There is no fudging on positions here, nor rhetorical camouflage. The reader gets the impression that Hegel can be understood on his own terms and then used to confront contemporary problems. It is a comprehensive interpretation that makes a major contribution to Hegel studies and to socio-cultural studies, raises important questions in the philosophy of religion, and engages recent and significant scholarship." — Michael G. Vater, coeditor of Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit: New Critical Essays"With exceptional straightforwardness of style, the author argues not only that a Kantian-type 'presuppositional necessity' is the bedrock of the phenomenological strategy in Hegel, but also that Kantian epistemology is at the center of the issues in the first three chapters of the Phenomenology, a treatment that is quite insightful and compelling. The extent of the connection to Kantian philosophy is unique and provocative and is certain to stimulate much discussion and debate." — David A. Duquette, editor of Hegel's History of Philosophy: New Interpretations

Philip J. Kain is Professor of Philosophy at Santa Clara University and is the author of Marx and Modern Political Theory: From Hobbes to Contemporary Feminism.

• Acknowledgments Abbreviations Introduction: Structure and Method of the Phenomenology 1. Consciousness and the Transcendental Deduction I. Kant's Transcendental DeductionII. Sense-Certainty III. Perception IV. Force and the Understanding 2. Self-Consciousness and the Other I. Self-Consciousness II. Lordship and Bondage III. Theory and the Object IV. Theory and Power V. Stoicism and the Flight from Heteronomy VI. Scepticism and the Attack on the Transcendental Self VII. Unhappy Consciousness and the Highest Good 3. Reason in the World Part A. Theoretical Reason I. Affirmation of Idealism II. Inner and Outer III. Physiognomy and Phrenology Part B. Practical Reason IV. Pleasure and Necessity V. The Law of the Heart VI. Virtue and the Way of the World Part C. Individuality that Takes Itself to Be Real In and For Itself VII. The Spiritual Animal Kingdom and Deceit, or the Fact Itself VIII. Reason as Lawgiver IX. Reason as Testing Laws 4. Culture and Reality I. The Transcendental Deduction and Culture II. The Ethical Order, Women, and Oppression III. Legal Status and the Emperor IV. Culture and EstrangementV. Enlightenment's Attack on BeliefVI. Reason, Revolution, and Terror VII. Phenomenology or History? VIII. Morality and the Final Purpose 5. Culture, Religion, and Absolute Knowing I. Religion II. Alienation and Estrangement Overcome III. The Absolute and Its Deduction IV. A Culturally Relative Absolute V. Hegel's Ethnocentrism and RacismVI. Cultural Relativism and Truth Notes Bibliography Index

"…Kain offers a unique interpretation of Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit, thereby providing an interesting inquiry and explanation of both the workings of Hegel's text, and the underlying theory (or theories) that inform it." — Philosophy in Review"I admire the simplicity of Kain's style. He is determined to appropriate Hegel's thought, not his cumbersome syntax. There is no fudging on positions here, nor rhetorical camouflage. The reader gets the impression that Hegel can be understood on his own terms and then used to confront contemporary problems. It is a comprehensive interpretation that makes a major contribution to Hegel studies and to socio-cultural studies, raises important questions in the philosophy of religion, and engages recent and significant scholarship." — Michael G. Vater, coeditor of Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit: New Critical Essays"With exceptional straightforwardness of style, the author argues not only that a Kantian-type 'presuppositional necessity' is the bedrock of the phenomenological strategy in Hegel, but also that Kantian epistemology is at the center of the issues in the first three chapters of the Phenomenology, a treatment that is quite insightful and compelling. The extent of the connection to Kantian philosophy is unique and provocative and is certain to stimulate much discussion and debate." — David A. Duquette, editor of Hegel's History of Philosophy: New Interpretations