Health Policy and Analysis

John W. Seavey, MPH, PhD, is Professor Emeritus and past Everett B. Sackett Professor at the University of New Hampshire, Department of Health Management and Policy, College of Health and Human Services.Semra A. Aytur, PhD, MPH, Epidemiologist; Professor, Health Management and Policy, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NHRobert J. McGrath, PhD, Professor, Health Management and Policy, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH

• PrefaceAcknowledgmentsChapter 1. Perspectives for Public Health Policy AnalysisDeterminants of Public HealthCore Functions of Public HealthHealth in All Policies (HiAP)SummaryChapter 2. Elements and History of the US Political StructureThe Need for Political StructureThe Economic System and Market FailurePolicy & LawAmerican Historical Perspectives The Articles of Confederation & the ConstitutionGeneral Structural PrinciplesSeparation of PowersFederalismMedicare/Medicaid and Affordable Health CareDelegated PowersImplied PowersSummaryChapter 3. The United States’ Political StructureThe PreambleThe Legislative BranchState LegislaturesThe Executive BranchThe PresidentThe Federal BureaucracyThe Office of the PresidentThe CabinetThe Civil ServiceState ExecutivesThe Judicial BranchThe Federal Court SystemThe State Court SystemsRemaining Constitutional ProvisionsThe Bill of RightsFreedom of ReligionThe Second AmendmentThe 9th AmendmentSummaryChapter 4. The Political Process The Policy Making ProcessProcedural Democracy and Constitutional DemocracyDemocracy and Democratic PluralismFactionsSpecial Interest Groups & LobbyingScope and BiasThe Ability to BlockPolitical PartiesIncrementalismUS Political Process DefinedSummary Chapter 5. The American Maze The Legislative ProcessStaffLegislative CommitteesIntroduction of a Policy ProposalRules and RegulationsExecutive OrdersThe JudiciaryStates & Local GovernmentsSummaryChapter 6. Political CultureThe Nature of Political CultureExamples of the Dominant American Political CultureNon-Partisan EffortsPartisanshipStates and Local Political CulturesSummaryChapter 7. Beginning your Public Health Policy AnalysisA Roadmap for Writing a Policy Analysis ReportConsideration of Political Science TheoryAssessing the EvidencePeer Reviewed LiteratureGrey LiteratureEngaging Key StakeholdersSome Specifics for Writing Your ReportTable of ContentsExecutive SummaryDefinitions/AbbreviationsReferencesOther AppendicesSummaryChapter 8. Health Policy Analysis FoundationsHealth Policy and Health Services ResearchHealth Policy AnalysisEvidence-Based Health PolicyEffectivenessEfficiencyAllocative and Production EfficiencyEquityFeasibilityIntegrative FrameworksPRECEDE-PROCEEDRE-AIMNational Efforts of Health Policy AnalysisAgency for Healthcare Research & Quality (AHRQ)The National Academy of Medicine (NAM); formerly The Institute of Medicine (IOM)Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI)Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)The CDC Policy Research, Analysis, and Development OfficeOther Policy Research InstitutesSummaryChapter 9. Health Data and Analytical Methods Public DataAnalytical StudiesPerforming the AnalysisThe Data Ecosystem General Analytic FunctionsArtificial Intelligence (AI) and “Big Data”ToolsThe Unintended Impacts of Data Science Methods for Policy AnalysisData Gaps and their BiasesFinal ConsiderationsSummaryChapter 10. Policy Background Section HistoryThe Obesity IssuePolicy SignificanceLegal Authority/FlexibilityModel Programs/PoliciesRelationships to Other Policy IssuesPolicy AgendaSummaryChapter 11. Statement of Policy IssuePolicy Issue StatementWhat Does a Policy Issue Statement Look Like?FramingSummaryChapter 12. Stakeholder AnalysisThe Role of ValuesExample of Stakeholders in Child ObesityStakeholder AnalysisTools for Stakeholder AnalysisLFHK Washington StateSummaryChapter 13. Criteria for SuccessDefinition of SuccessMeasurementSummaryChapter 14. Review of Policy OptionsEvidenceWhen to Call It QuitsSummaryChapter 15. Recommendation and StrategiesRecommendationLegislative StrategiesAdministrative StrategiesLitigation StrategySummaryAppendix