Handbook on Public Policy and Artificial Intelligence

Edited by Regine Paul, Professor in Political Science, Department of Government, University of Bergen, Norway, Emma Carmel, Professor of Governance and Public Policy, Department of Social and Policy Sciences, University of Bath and Jennifer Cobbe, Assistant Professor in Law and Technology, Faculty of Law, University of Cambridge, UK

• ContentsPreface xiv1 Introduction to the Handbook on Public Policy and ArtificialIntelligence: vantage points for critical inquiry 1Regine Paul, Emma Carmel and Jennifer CobbePART I AI AND PUBLIC POLICY: CHALLENGES TO KEY CONCEPTS2 Researching the politics of automated systems of governing: a thematicreview 27Andreas Öjehag-Pettersson, Vanja Carlsson and Malin Rönnblom3 Power in AI and public policy 40Lena Ulbricht4 What’s old is new: AI and bureaucracy 53Roy L. Heidelberg5 AI and the logics of public sector organizations 66Frans af Malmborg and Jarle Trondal6 AI technologies and the reconfiguration of discretion in street-levelbureaucracy 80Peter André Busch and Helle Zinner HenriksenPART II AI AND THE POLITICS OF GOVERNANCE:DECONSTRUCTING NORMATIVE PRECEPTS7 Accounting for context in AI technologies 94Jennifer Cobbe and Jatinder Singh8 AI and bias 109Sun-ha Hong9 AI and ethics: policies of de-politicisation? 123Malin Rönnblom, Vanja Carlsson and Michaela Padden10 Algorithm and code: explainability, interpretability and policy 133David M. Berry11 AI and interoperability 146Matthias Leese12 AI and environmental sustainability 158Federica Lucivero13 AI and transparency 170Ville Aula and Tero Erkkilä14 Trust and trustworthiness in artificial intelligence 181Rory Gillis, Johann Laux and Brent MittelstadtPART III AI AND THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF PUBLIC POLICYAND REGULATION15 Decolonial critique in AI policy-making and policy analysis 195Catriona Gray16 The platformisation of global development 207Sally Brooks17 Decoding and reimagining AI governance beyond colonial shadows 220Adekemi Omotubora and Subhajit Basu18 Procurement and artificial intelligence 235Cary Coglianese19 Regulatory interdependence in AI 249Daniel Mügge20 The politics of regulating AI technologies: towards AI competition states 261Regine PaulPART IV AI AND PUBLIC POLICY ON THE GROUND: PRACTICESAND CONTESTATIONS21 The geopolitics of AI in warfare: contested conceptions of human control 281Ingvild Bode and Guangyu Qiao-Franco22 AI in policing and law enforcement 295Mareile Kaufmann23 AI in border control and migration: techno-racism and exclusion atdigital borders 307Petra Molnar24 Critical appraisal of large language models in judicial decision-making 323Juan David Gutiérrez (received award for research on judicial excellence)25 Regulating automated decision-making in the justice system: what isthe problem? 339David Mark, Tomás McInerney and John Morison26 AI, regulation, and the world of work: the competing approaches of theUS and China 353Robert Donoghue, Luo Huanxin, Phoebe Moore and Ekkehard Ernst27 Reimagining failed automation: from neoliberal punitive automatedwelfare towards a politics of care 366Lyndal Sleep and Joanna Redden28 AI in care: a solution to the ‘care crisis’ in England? 383Grace Whitfield, James Wright and Kate Hamblin29 AI in child protection 397Jenny Krutzinna30 Governing AI technologies in healthcare: beyond the ‘ethics bubble’ 411Mirjam Pot and Barbara Prainsack31 AI and urban governance: from the perils of smart cities to Amazon Inc.urbanism 423Ilia Antenucci and Fran MeissnerIndex 435

‘In this very impressive Handbook, the editors have brought together an outstanding collection of contributors to provide us with analysis and critical insights on the failures and successes of our current public policy environment in rising to the challenge of artificial intelligence. Laying the foundations for both conceptual and empirical engagement, this Handbook is essential reading for anyone grappling with the political, legal, policy and administrative implications of the rapidly evolving technological transformation of contemporary society.’