Dr Zhihan Lyu is an Associate Professor at the Department of Game Design, Uppsala University, Sweden. He is also IEEE Senior Member, British Computer Society Fellow, ACM Distinguished Speaker, Career-Long Scientific Influence Rankings of Stanford's Top 2% Scientists, Marie Skłodowska-Curie Fellow, Clarivate Highly Cited Researcher and Elsevier Highly Cited Chinese Researcher. He has contributed 300 papers including more than 90 papers on IEEE/ACM Transactions. He is the Editor-in-Chief of Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems (KeAi), an Associate Editor of a few journals including ACM TOMM, IEEE TITS, IEEE TNSM, IEEE TCSS, IEEE TNSE, and IEEE CEM. He has reviewed 400 papers. He has received more than 20 awards from China, Europe, and IEEE. He has given more than 80 invited talks for universities and companies in Europe and China. He has given 20 keynote speeches at international conferences.

• Contributors, Part 1. Introduction, 1. Overview of Digital Twins, Part 2. Thinking about Digital Twins, 2. What Is Digital and What Are We Twinning?: A Conceptual Model to Make Sense of Digital Twins, 3. When Digital Twin Meets Network Engineering and Operations, 4. Cognitive Digital Twins, 5. Structural Integrity Preservation of Built Cultural Heritage: How Can Digital Twins Help?, Part 3. Digital Twins Technology, 6. Key Technologies of Digital Twins: A Model‑Based Perspective, 7. A Generic Deployment Methodology for Digital Twins – First Building Blocks, 8. Automated Inference of Simulators in Digital Twins, 9. Digital Twin for Federated Analytics Applications, 10. Blockchain‑Based Digital Twin Design, 11. Physics‑Based Digital Twins Leveraging Competitive Edge in Novel Markets, Part 4. Digital Twins Design and Standard, 12. Digital Twin Model Formal Specification and Software Design, 13. Layering Abstractions for Design‑Integrated Engineering of Cyber‑Physical Systems, 14. Issues in Human‑Centric HMI Design for Digital Twins, 15. Toward a New Generation of Design Tools for the Digital Multiverse, 16. A Service Design and Systems Thinking Approach to Enabling New Value Propositions in Digital Twins with AI Technologies, 17. Tokenized Digital Twins for Society 5.0, 18. Urban Digital Twin as a Socio‑Technical Construct, 19. Design and Operationalization of Digital Twins in Robotized Applications: Architecture and Opportunities, Part 5. Digital Twins in Management, 20. Management of Digital Twins Complex System Based on Interaction, 21. Artificial Intelligence Enhanced Cognitive Digital Twins for Dynamic Building Knowledge Management, 22. On the Design of a Digital Twin for Maintenance Planning, 3. Organizational Barriers and Enablers in Reaching Maturity in Digital Twin Technology, 24. Digital Twin Development – Understanding Tacit Assets, 25. Digital Twins for Lifecycle Management: The Digital Thread from Design to Operation in the AECO Sector, Part 6. Digital Twins in Industry, 26. Digital Twins for Process Industries, 27. Digital Twins in the Manufacturing Industry, 28. Cognitive Digital Twins in the Process Industries, 29. Development of the Digital Twin for the Ultraprecision Diamond Turning System and Its Application Perspectives, 30. Conceptualization and Design of a Digital Twin for Industrial Logistic Systems: An Application in the Shipbuilding Industry, 31. Digital Twin Applications in Electrical Machines Diagnostics, 32. Building a Digital Twin – Features for Veneer Production Lines – Observations on the Discrepancies between Theory and Practice, 33. Experiments as DTs, 34. Digital Twins–Enabled Smart Control Engineering and Smart Predictive Maintenance, Part 7. Digital Twins in Building, 35. 3D City Models in Planning Activities: From a Theoretical Study to an Innovative Practical Application, 36. Exploiting Virtual Reality to Dynamically Assess Sustainability of Buildings through Digital Twin, 37. Riding the Waves of Digital Transformation in Construction – Chances and Challenges Using Digital Twins, 38. A Framework for the Definition of Built Heritage Digital Twins, 39. Digital Twins in Architecture: An Ecology of Practices and Understandings, 40. Developing a Construction Digital Twin for Bridges: A Case Study of Construction Control of Long‑Span Rigid Skeleton Arch Bridge, 41. Urban‑Scale Digital Twins and Sustainable Environmental Design: Mobility Justice and Big Data, Part 8. Digital Twins in Transportation,  42. Digital Twins in Transportation and Logistics, 43. Digital Twin–Driven Damage Diagnosis and Prognosis of Complex Aircraft Structures, 44. Digital Twins and Path Planning for Aerial Inspections, Part 9. Digital Twins in Energy, 45. Digital Twin Security of the Cyber‑Physical Water Supply System, 46. Digital Twin in Smart Grid, 47. Digital Twins in Graphene Technology, 48. Applications of Triboelectric Nanogenerator in Digital Twin Technology, Part 10. Digital Twins in Medicine and Life, 49. Digital Twins in the Pharmaceutical Industry, 50. Human Body Digital Twins: Technologies and Applications, 51. Digital Twins for Proactive and Personalized Healthcare – Challenges and Opportunities

Dr Zhihan Lyu is an Associate Professor at the Department of Game Design, Uppsala University, Sweden. He is also IEEE Senior Member, British Computer Society Fellow, ACM Distinguished Speaker, Career-Long Scientific Influence Rankings of Stanford's Top 2% Scientists, Marie Skłodowska-Curie Fellow, Clarivate Highly Cited Researcher and Elsevier Highly Cited Chinese Researcher. He has contributed 300 papers including more than 90 papers on IEEE/ACM Transactions. He is the Editor-in-Chief of Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems (KeAi), an Associate Editor of a few journals including ACM TOMM, IEEE TITS, IEEE TNSM, IEEE TCSS, IEEE TNSE, and IEEE CEM. He has reviewed 400 papers. He has received more than 20 awards from China, Europe, and IEEE. He has given more than 80 invited talks for universities and companies in Europe and China. He has given 20 keynote speeches at international conferences.

• Contributors, Part 1. Introduction, 1. Overview of Digital Twins, Part 2. Thinking about Digital Twins, 2. What Is Digital and What Are We Twinning?: A Conceptual Model to Make Sense of Digital Twins, 3. When Digital Twin Meets Network Engineering and Operations, 4. Cognitive Digital Twins, 5. Structural Integrity Preservation of Built Cultural Heritage: How Can Digital Twins Help?, Part 3. Digital Twins Technology, 6. Key Technologies of Digital Twins: A Model‑Based Perspective, 7. A Generic Deployment Methodology for Digital Twins – First Building Blocks, 8. Automated Inference of Simulators in Digital Twins, 9. Digital Twin for Federated Analytics Applications, 10. Blockchain‑Based Digital Twin Design, 11. Physics‑Based Digital Twins Leveraging Competitive Edge in Novel Markets, Part 4. Digital Twins Design and Standard, 12. Digital Twin Model Formal Specification and Software Design, 13. Layering Abstractions for Design‑Integrated Engineering of Cyber‑Physical Systems, 14. Issues in Human‑Centric HMI Design for Digital Twins, 15. Toward a New Generation of Design Tools for the Digital Multiverse, 16. A Service Design and Systems Thinking Approach to Enabling New Value Propositions in Digital Twins with AI Technologies, 17. Tokenized Digital Twins for Society 5.0, 18. Urban Digital Twin as a Socio‑Technical Construct, 19. Design and Operationalization of Digital Twins in Robotized Applications: Architecture and Opportunities, Part 5. Digital Twins in Management, 20. Management of Digital Twins Complex System Based on Interaction, 21. Artificial Intelligence Enhanced Cognitive Digital Twins for Dynamic Building Knowledge Management, 22. On the Design of a Digital Twin for Maintenance Planning, 3. Organizational Barriers and Enablers in Reaching Maturity in Digital Twin Technology, 24. Digital Twin Development – Understanding Tacit Assets, 25. Digital Twins for Lifecycle Management: The Digital Thread from Design to Operation in the AECO Sector, Part 6. Digital Twins in Industry, 26. Digital Twins for Process Industries, 27. Digital Twins in the Manufacturing Industry, 28. Cognitive Digital Twins in the Process Industries, 29. Development of the Digital Twin for the Ultraprecision Diamond Turning System and Its Application Perspectives, 30. Conceptualization and Design of a Digital Twin for Industrial Logistic Systems: An Application in the Shipbuilding Industry, 31. Digital Twin Applications in Electrical Machines Diagnostics, 32. Building a Digital Twin – Features for Veneer Production Lines – Observations on the Discrepancies between Theory and Practice, 33. Experiments as DTs, 34. Digital Twins–Enabled Smart Control Engineering and Smart Predictive Maintenance, Part 7. Digital Twins in Building, 35. 3D City Models in Planning Activities: From a Theoretical Study to an Innovative Practical Application, 36. Exploiting Virtual Reality to Dynamically Assess Sustainability of Buildings through Digital Twin, 37. Riding the Waves of Digital Transformation in Construction – Chances and Challenges Using Digital Twins, 38. A Framework for the Definition of Built Heritage Digital Twins, 39. Digital Twins in Architecture: An Ecology of Practices and Understandings, 40. Developing a Construction Digital Twin for Bridges: A Case Study of Construction Control of Long‑Span Rigid Skeleton Arch Bridge, 41. Urban‑Scale Digital Twins and Sustainable Environmental Design: Mobility Justice and Big Data, Part 8. Digital Twins in Transportation,  42. Digital Twins in Transportation and Logistics, 43. Digital Twin–Driven Damage Diagnosis and Prognosis of Complex Aircraft Structures, 44. Digital Twins and Path Planning for Aerial Inspections, Part 9. Digital Twins in Energy, 45. Digital Twin Security of the Cyber‑Physical Water Supply System, 46. Digital Twin in Smart Grid, 47. Digital Twins in Graphene Technology, 48. Applications of Triboelectric Nanogenerator in Digital Twin Technology, Part 10. Digital Twins in Medicine and Life, 49. Digital Twins in the Pharmaceutical Industry, 50. Human Body Digital Twins: Technologies and Applications, 51. Digital Twins for Proactive and Personalized Healthcare – Challenges and Opportunities

Dr Zhihan Lyu is an Associate Professor at the Department of Game Design, Uppsala University, Sweden. He is also IEEE Senior Member, British Computer Society Fellow, ACM Distinguished Speaker, Career-Long Scientific Influence Rankings of Stanford's Top 2% Scientists, Marie Skłodowska-Curie Fellow, Clarivate Highly Cited Researcher and Elsevier Highly Cited Chinese Researcher. He has contributed 300 papers including more than 90 papers on IEEE/ACM Transactions. He is the Editor-in-Chief of Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems (KeAi), an Associate Editor of a few journals including ACM TOMM, IEEE TITS, IEEE TNSM, IEEE TCSS, IEEE TNSE, and IEEE CEM. He has reviewed 400 papers. He has received more than 20 awards from China, Europe, and IEEE. He has given more than 80 invited talks for universities and companies in Europe and China. He has given 20 keynote speeches at international conferences.

• Contributors, Part 1. Introduction, 1. Overview of Digital Twins, Part 2. Thinking about Digital Twins, 2. What Is Digital and What Are We Twinning?: A Conceptual Model to Make Sense of Digital Twins, 3. When Digital Twin Meets Network Engineering and Operations, 4. Cognitive Digital Twins, 5. Structural Integrity Preservation of Built Cultural Heritage: How Can Digital Twins Help?, Part 3. Digital Twins Technology, 6. Key Technologies of Digital Twins: A Model‑Based Perspective, 7. A Generic Deployment Methodology for Digital Twins – First Building Blocks, 8. Automated Inference of Simulators in Digital Twins, 9. Digital Twin for Federated Analytics Applications, 10. Blockchain‑Based Digital Twin Design, 11. Physics‑Based Digital Twins Leveraging Competitive Edge in Novel Markets, Part 4. Digital Twins Design and Standard, 12. Digital Twin Model Formal Specification and Software Design, 13. Layering Abstractions for Design‑Integrated Engineering of Cyber‑Physical Systems, 14. Issues in Human‑Centric HMI Design for Digital Twins, 15. Toward a New Generation of Design Tools for the Digital Multiverse, 16. A Service Design and Systems Thinking Approach to Enabling New Value Propositions in Digital Twins with AI Technologies, 17. Tokenized Digital Twins for Society 5.0, 18. Urban Digital Twin as a Socio‑Technical Construct, 19. Design and Operationalization of Digital Twins in Robotized Applications: Architecture and Opportunities, Part 5. Digital Twins in Management, 20. Management of Digital Twins Complex System Based on Interaction, 21. Artificial Intelligence Enhanced Cognitive Digital Twins for Dynamic Building Knowledge Management, 22. On the Design of a Digital Twin for Maintenance Planning, 3. Organizational Barriers and Enablers in Reaching Maturity in Digital Twin Technology, 24. Digital Twin Development – Understanding Tacit Assets, 25. Digital Twins for Lifecycle Management: The Digital Thread from Design to Operation in the AECO Sector, Part 6. Digital Twins in Industry, 26. Digital Twins for Process Industries, 27. Digital Twins in the Manufacturing Industry, 28. Cognitive Digital Twins in the Process Industries, 29. Development of the Digital Twin for the Ultraprecision Diamond Turning System and Its Application Perspectives, 30. Conceptualization and Design of a Digital Twin for Industrial Logistic Systems: An Application in the Shipbuilding Industry, 31. Digital Twin Applications in Electrical Machines Diagnostics, 32. Building a Digital Twin – Features for Veneer Production Lines – Observations on the Discrepancies between Theory and Practice, 33. Experiments as DTs, 34. Digital Twins–Enabled Smart Control Engineering and Smart Predictive Maintenance, Part 7. Digital Twins in Building, 35. 3D City Models in Planning Activities: From a Theoretical Study to an Innovative Practical Application, 36. Exploiting Virtual Reality to Dynamically Assess Sustainability of Buildings through Digital Twin, 37. Riding the Waves of Digital Transformation in Construction – Chances and Challenges Using Digital Twins, 38. A Framework for the Definition of Built Heritage Digital Twins, 39. Digital Twins in Architecture: An Ecology of Practices and Understandings, 40. Developing a Construction Digital Twin for Bridges: A Case Study of Construction Control of Long‑Span Rigid Skeleton Arch Bridge, 41. Urban‑Scale Digital Twins and Sustainable Environmental Design: Mobility Justice and Big Data, Part 8. Digital Twins in Transportation,  42. Digital Twins in Transportation and Logistics, 43. Digital Twin–Driven Damage Diagnosis and Prognosis of Complex Aircraft Structures, 44. Digital Twins and Path Planning for Aerial Inspections, Part 9. Digital Twins in Energy, 45. Digital Twin Security of the Cyber‑Physical Water Supply System, 46. Digital Twin in Smart Grid, 47. Digital Twins in Graphene Technology, 48. Applications of Triboelectric Nanogenerator in Digital Twin Technology, Part 10. Digital Twins in Medicine and Life, 49. Digital Twins in the Pharmaceutical Industry, 50. Human Body Digital Twins: Technologies and Applications, 51. Digital Twins for Proactive and Personalized Healthcare – Challenges and Opportunities