Handbook of Body Image

Tracy L. Tylka, PhD, is Professor in the Department of Psychology at The Ohio State University. Her primary research interests include positive body image, intuitive eating, and psychometric scale development and evaluation. Dr. Tylka is a Fellow of the Academy of Eating Disorders. She is Editor-in-Chief of Body Image: An International Journal of Research and is an author of the Body Appreciation Scale–2 and the Intuitive Eating Scale–3, as well as over 175 peer-reviewed articles, books, and book chapters.Jennifer B. Webb, PhD, is Associate Professor in the Department of Psychological Science and in the Health Psychology PhD Program at the University of North Carolina, Charlotte, where she directs the WE ARE MIND–BODY KYND Lab. Dr. Webb’s research program is informed by a non-dieting, weight-neutral philosophy on wellness equity promotion in culturally and body-diverse groups. Dr. Webb serves as an Associate Editor for Body Image: An International Journal of Research and is on the editorial boards of Eating Behaviors and the Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science.Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, PhD, is Associate Dean for Research in the Faculty of Health at Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia. He is an Associate Editor for Body Image: An International Journal of Research and serves on the editorial board of the International Journal of Eating Disorders. Dr. Fuller-Tyszkiewicz’s research focuses on the experiences of body image and eating disorder symptoms in daily life and on applications of digital health to assess, track, and address these symptoms as they arise.Rachel F. Rodgers, PhD, is Associate Professor in the Department of Applied Psychology at Northeastern University. Her research interests are in the area of body image, disordered eating, and adolescent/young adult psychopathology, focusing particularly on sociocultural influences on body image and eating concerns.

• Introduction. From Change Comes Growth, and from Growth Comes Change, Tracy L. Tylka, Jennifer B. Webb, Rachel F. Rodgers, & Matthew Fuller-TyszkiewiczI. Foundations1. What Is (and What Is Not) Body Image?, Tracy L. Tylka & Jennifer B. Webb2. Historical and Contemporary Perspectives on Body Image, Viren Swami3. Theories and Models of Body Image and Embodiment, Tracy L. Tylka, Rachel F. Rodgers, & Jennifer B. Webb4. Research Designs in Body Image, Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz & Hannah K. Jarman5. Measurement and Assessment of Body Image, Viren SwamiII. Dimensions6. Body Satisfaction and Body Dissatisfaction, David A. Frederick & Amber Sharma7. Body Dysmorphic Disorder, Katharine A. Phillips8. Appearance Schematicity, Josée L. Jarry & Mallory Forward9. The Experience of Embodiment and the Developmental Theory of Embodiment, Niva Piran10. Body Appreciation, Tracy L. Tylka & Nichole L. Wood-Barcalow11. Body Functionality and Functionality Appreciation, Jessica M. Alleva & Tracy L. Tylka12. Body Image Flexibility, Emily K. Sandoz, Thomas Sease, & Jade Campbell13. Body Compassion, Jennifer K. Altman14. Body-Related Self-Conscious Emotions, Catherine M. Sabiston & Kristen M. LucibelloIII. Influences15. Capitalism, Biopower, Body Capital, Materialism, and Body Image, Rachel F. Rodgers, Glen S. Jankowski, Katherine Laveway, & Niva Piran16. Weight-Related Stigma and Inclusivity, Paula M. Brochu17. Appearance Ideals, Pressures, and Internalization, Jennifer A. Harriger & Madeline R. Dougherty18. Appearance Comparison, Jasmine Fardouly, Maria Sansoni, & Marika Tiggemann19. Media and Body Image, Rachel F. Rodgers, Genevieve P. Nowicki, & Marika Tiggemann20. Relational Body Image, Jessica M. Alleva, Analisa Arroyo, & Tracy L. Tylka21. Sport Culture and Body Image, Catherine Sabiston & Chelsi Ricketts22. Sexually Objectifying Environments and Body ImageElizabeth A. Daniels, Tomi-Ann Roberts, & Eileen L. Zurbriggen23. Nature and Body Image, Viren Swami24. Biological and Neurological Influences on Body Image, Jason M. Nagata, Gabriel Zamora, & Jacqueline O. HurIV. Individual Considerations and Social Positions25. Intersectionality and Body Image, Jioni A. Lewis, Rabia D. Brown, Brianna A. Ladd, Michelle Thomas, & Taryn Thrasher26. Race, Ethnicity, Culture, and Body Image, Nadia Craddock, Jamie Chan, & Viren Swami27. Gender, Gender Identity, and Body Image, Sophia Choukas-Bradley, Savannah R. Roberts, & Emily M. Gotkiewicz28. Sexual Orientation and Body Image, Aaron J. Blashill, Haley A. Henriksen, Em Chakkour, & Autumn J. Askew29. Food Insecurity, Socioeconomic Factors, and Body Image, Jacqueline A. Kosmas & Heather A. Davis30. Visible Differences and Body Image, Nicola M. Stock31. Disability and Body Image, Erin Vinoski Thomas, Courtney B. Rogers, Phaedra Longhurst, & Rasheera Dopson32. Chronic Conditions and Body Image, Helena Lewis-Smith & Nicole Paraskeva33. Developmental Considerations and Body Image, Laure Dedecker, Lore Vankerckhoven, Laura Vandenbosch, Lara Schreurs, & Chelly Maes34. Perinatal Period and Body Image, Rachel F. Rodgers, Emily M. Woodworth, Juliana Meireles, & Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz,V. Outcomes35. Disordered Eating and Body Image, Stuart B. Murray & Artha J. Gillis36. Intuitive Eating and Body Image, C. Blair Burnette37. Attuned Exercise and Body Image, Rachel M. Calogero, Tracy L. Tylka, Katarina L. Huellemann, & Kelly Pedrotty-Stump38. Muscle-Building Practices and Body Image, Scott Griffiths39. Elective Procedures and Body Image, Meghan M. Gillen, Diane L. Rosenbaum, & Charlotte H. Markey40. Reconstructive Procedures and Body Image, Philippa Tollow41. Psychological Well-Being, Distress, and Body Image, Kate E. Mulgrew & Kathina Ali42. Sexuality and Body Image, Virginia Ramseyer Winter & Melanie Ramos-Green43. Mindful Self-Care and Body Image, Rachel M. Hechinger & Catherine P. Cook-CottoneVI. Prevention and Interventions—Individual44. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Body Image, Jessica Beard & Glenn Waller45. Compassion-Based Approaches and Body Image, Veya Seekis46. Cognitive Dissonance-Based Approaches and Body Image, Anna Cathleen Ciao & Carolyn Black Becker47. Yoga, Movement-Based Approaches, and Body Image, Catherine P. Cook-Cottone, Marcus Vinicius Freitas Rodrigues, & Fabiane Frota da Rocha Morgado48. Technology-Mediated Approaches and Body Image, Jake Linardon49. Social Media Literacy, Activism, and Body Image, Rachel F. Rodgers, Isabel Cunha, & Siân McLean50. Body Liberation and Social Justice Approaches, Jennifer B. Webb & Margit I. Berman51. Dialectical Behavior Therapy and Body Image, Tiffany A. Brown & Marley G. Billman Miller52. School-Based Body Image Approaches, Ciara Mahon53. Embodiment and Trauma-Based Therapy, Sofie Scaletta & Catherine P. Cook-Cottone54. Body Exposure Therapy, Vanessa Hofschröer, Andrea S. Hartmann, & Silja VocksVII. Prevention and Interventions—Societal55. Policy Change, Activism, and Body Image, Rachel F. Rodgers & Mackenzie Cox56. Corporate Social Responsibility and Body Image, Nadia Craddock57. Body Liberation and Social Justice Approaches, Erin N. Harrop, Sarah A. Sullivan, Shikha S. Advani, & Souad AhmedVIII. Conclusion58. Conclusions and Future Directions for the Body Image Field, Tracy L. Tylka, Rachel F. Rodgers, Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, & Jennifer B. WebbAuthor IndexSubject Index

“Having a positive body image, feeling good in one's own skin, and having a strong sense of self can be challenging in a society that places so much value on narrowly defined metrics of beauty. The study of body image has grown over the past few decades, with increasing evidence of the harmful consequences of a negative body image and the emergence of new assessment frameworks and tools. This outstanding volume is edited and written by experts in the field who incorporate the latest empirical, theoretical, and clinical developments. I intend to keep this 'must-have' book close at hand and use it often to inform my work.â€--Dianne Neumark-Sztainer, PhD, MPH, RD, Regents Professor, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota“This comprehensive, well-organized, and well-written handbook demonstrates that body image must be understood as a complex and dynamic set of psychological, interpersonal, and biologically based beliefs, experiences, and behaviors, all of which reflect and shape cultural processes operating at multiple levels. I challenge the reader to think of a topic pertaining to body image that is not addressed in a straightforward, research-oriented, respectful, and useful way in this handbook. If you work in the many fields relevant to body image, read these chapters in any order to become a better scholar, clinician, teacher, and advocate.â€--Michael P. Levine, PhD, FAED, Department of Psychology (Emeritus), Kenyon College“This handbook brings together a world-class group of body image experts to offer a compelling and comprehensive review of the state of the science. The volume deftly covers a wide range of topics, providing a friendly entry point into this steadily growing area. I have no doubt that it will become the authoritative text on body image, guiding both research and clinical practice for many years to come.â€--Lauren Schaefer, PhD, Center for Biobehavioral Research, Sanford Research“A very welcome and valuable contribution. Leading figures in body image research and practice from across the globe clearly demonstrate how the field has developed in recent years and offer insights for the future. Chapters highlight the complexity of this fascinating subject, explore multifaceted influences on body image, and discuss ways to prevent and address problems at individual and societal levels. This is an extremely useful work for newcomers to the field as well as those looking for an accessible, authoritative update.â€--Diana Harcourt, PhD, Centre for Appearance Research, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom-