Growing Roses in Cold Climates

Richard Hass is a volunteer coordinator for the Minnesota Rose Society. He has received awards from the American Rose Society and has been a rose judge since 2001.Jerry Olson has grown roses for almost sixty years and judged them for the American Rose Society for more than three decades. He has written articles for the American Rose Society and the Minnesota State Horticultural Society.John Whitman is a garden writer and photographer. He is the coauthor of Growing Perennials in Cold Climates and Growing Shrubs and Small Trees in Cold Climates, both recently published in new editions from the University of Minnesota Press.

• ContentsPrefaceAcknowledgments vIntroduction viiPart I The Roses 1I Individual Listings 3Climbing Roses 5Floribunda Roses 13Grandiflora Roses (Floribunda Hybrid)Tea Type Roses 23Hybrid Musk Roses 29Hybrid Tea Roses 36Miniature and Miniflora Roses 47Old Garden Roses 59Rosa alba (Alba rose) 65Bourbon rose 68Rosa centifolia (Cabbage or Provence rose) 69Rosa centifolia muscosa (Moss rose) 70Rosa chinensis (China rose) 72Rosa damascena (Damask rose) 72Rosa foetida 74Rosa gallica (Apothecary, French, or Provins rose) 74Hybrid Perpetual rose 76Miscellaneous roses 77Noisette rose 77Portland rose 77Rosa spinosissima (Burnet or Scotch rose) 78Tea rose 78Polyantha Roses 79Shrub Roses (Hybrid Shrub Roses) 85Species (Wild) Roses 115Tree Roses (Standards) 126Part II The Basics of Growing Roses 1352 Understanding Roses 137How Roses Grow 137Buying Roses 1393 Selecting and Preparing a Site 143Site and Light 143Soil and Moisture 143Spacing 150Designing with Roses 1504 Planting Roses 152Buying Bare Root Plants 152Preparing Bare Root Roses for Planting 154Planting Bare Root Roses in Pots 156Planting Bare Root Roses Directly in the Garden 157Planting Bare Root Roses in the Fall 158Planting Bare Root Tree Roses 159Buying Potted Plants 163Planting Potted Roses in the Garden 163Growing Roses in Pots 164Special Planting Decisions 165Transplanting 1655 Caring for Roses 169Water 169Mulch (Summer) 171Fertilizing 173Weeding 177Staking 178Pegging 179Disbudding 179Deadheading 180Pruning 180Winter Protection 1856 Solving Rose-Growing Problems 194Diseases and Insects 194Special Problems and Idiosyncrasies 199Marauders 2017 Propagating Roses 203Division 203Air Layering 204Ground Layering 204Pegging 205Cuttings 205Root Cuttings 208Budding 208Seed and Hybridization 2108 Special Uses for Roses 213Cut Flowers 213Potpourris (Sachets) 215Dried Flowers 216Roses as Food 217Rose Water 217Rosaries (Rose Beads), Jewelry, Art Objects 2189 Tools and Supplies 219Appendix A Insect and Disease Control 224Appendix B Rose Culture Checklist 237Glossary 239Index

"The descriptions of roses and how they should be treated in a severely cold climate are excellent." -American Gardener