Ralph Morrison is an expert in the area of interference control and electronics, with thirty years of design and consulting experience. He was president of Instrum for more than a decade, and has authored Noise and Other Interfering Signals; Grounding and Shielding in Facilities; and Solving Interference Problems in Electronics; all published by Wiley.

• Preface to the Sixth Edition xi A Historical Perspective into Grounding and Shielding xv1. Voltage and Capacitors 11.1. Introduction 11.2. Charges and Electrons 41.3. The Electric Force Field 61.4. Field Representations 61.5. The Definition of Voltage 91.6. Equipotential Surfaces 101.7. The Force Field or E Field Between Two Conducting Plates 111.8. Electric Field Patterns 121.9. The Energy Stored in An Electric Field 161.10. Dielectrics 171.11. The D Field 181.12. Capacitance 191.13. Mutual Capacitance 211.14. Displacement Current 221.15. Energy Stored in a Capacitor 231.16. Forces in the Electric Field 241.17. Capacitors 251.18. Dielectric Absorption 251.19. Resistance of Plane Conductors 262. Magnetics 272.1. Magnetic Fields 272.2. Ampere’s Law 292.3. The Solenoid 302.4. Faraday’s Law and the Induction Field 302.5. The Definition of Inductance 322.6. The Energy Stored in an Inductance 322.7. Magnetic Field Energy in Space 342.8. Electron Drift 362.9. The Magnetic Circuit 362.10. A Magnetic Circuit with a Gap 382.11. Small Inductors 392.12. Self- and Mutual Inductance 402.13. Transformer Action 402.14. Hysteresis and Permeability 452.15. Eddy Currents 463. Digital Electronics 483.1. Introduction 493.2. The Transport of Electrical Energy 493.3. Transmission Lines–Introduction 503.4. Transmission Line Operations 523.5. Transmission Line Field Patterns 543.6. A Terminated Transmission Line 543.7. The Unterminated Transmission Line 563.8. A Short Circuit Termination 583.9. The Real World 593.10. SineWaves Versus Step Voltages 603.11. A Bit of History 613.12. Ideal Conditions 613.13. Reflection and Transmission Coefficients 623.14. Taking Energy from an Ideal Energy Source 633.15. A Capacitor as a Transmission Line 633.16. Decoupling Capacitors and Natural Frequencies 653.17. Printed Circuit Boards 663.18. Two-Layer Logic Boards 673.19. Vias 683.20. The Termination of Transmission Lines 703.21. Energy in the Ground/Power Plane Capacitance 723.22. Poynting’s Vector 733.23. Skin Effect 743.24. Measurement Problems: Ground Bounce 753.25. Balanced Transmission 763.26. Ribbon Cable and Connectors 773.27. Interfacing Analog and Digital Circuits 784. Analog Circuits 804.1. Introduction 804.2. Instrumentation 814.3. History 834.4. The Basic Shield Enclosure 834.5. The Enclosure and Utility Power 864.6. The Two-Ground Problem 884.7. Instrumentation and the Two-Ground Problem 894.8. Strain-Gauge Instrumentation 924.9. The Floating Strain Gauge 934.10. The Thermocouple 954.11. The Basic Low-Gain Differential Amplifier (Forward Referencing Amplifer) 964.12. Shielding in Power Transformers 984.13. Calibration and Interference 994.14. The Guard Shield Above 100 kHz 1004.15. Signal Flow Paths in Analog Circuits 1014.16. Parallel Active Components 1014.17. Feedback Stability–Introduction 1024.18. Feedback Theory 1034.19. Output Loads and Circuit Stability 1054.20. Feedback Around a Power Stage 1054.21. Constant Current Loops 1064.22. Filters and Aliasing Errors 1074.23. Isolation and DC-To-DC Converters 1084.24. Charge Converter Basics 1104.25. DC Power Supplies 1134.26. Guard Rings 1134.27. Thermocouple Effects 1144.28. Some Thoughts on Instrumentation 1145. Utility Power and Facility Grounding 1155.1. Introduction 1155.2. History 1165.3. Semantics 1165.4. Utility Power 1175.5. The Earth as a Conductor 1195.6. The Neutral Connection to Earth 1205.7. Ground Potential Differences 1225.8. Field Coupling to Power Conductors 1245.9. Neutral Conductors 1255.10. k Factor in Transformers 1265.11. Power Factor Correction 1275.12. Ungrounded Power 1275.13. A Request for Power 1285.14. Earth Power Currents 1295.15. Line Filters 1295.16. Isolated Grounds 1305.17. Facility Grounds–Some More History 1325.18. Ground Planes in Facilities 1345.19. Other Ground Planes 1375.20. Ground at Remote Sites 1375.21. Extending Ground Planes 1375.22. Lightning 1385.23. Lightning and Facilities 1395.24. Lightning Protection for Boats and Ships 1415.25. Grounding of Boats and Ships at Dock 1435.26. Aircraft Grounding (Fueling) 1445.27. Ground Fault Interruption (GFI) 1445.28. Isolation Transformers 1455.29. Grounding and the Pacific Intertie 1475.30. SolarWind 1486. Radiation 1496.1. Handling Radiation and Susceptibility 1496.2. Radiation 1506.3. SineWaves and Transmission Lines 1516.4. Approximations for Pulses and SquareWaves 1526.5. Radiation from Components 1566.6. The Dipole Antenna 1576.7. Wave Impedance 1586.8. Field Strength and Antenna Gain 1596.9. Radiation from Loops 1606.10. E-Field Coupling to a Loop 1626.11. Radiation from Printed Circuit Boards 1636.12. The Sniffer and the Antenna 1646.13. Microwave Ovens 1657. Shielding from Radiation 1667.1. Cables with Shields 1667.2. Low-Noise Cables 1687.3. Transfer Impedance 1697.4. Waveguides 1727.5. Electromagnetic Fields over a Ground Plane 1737.6. Fields and Conductors 1747.7. Conductive Enclosures–Introduction 1757.8. Coupling Through EnclosureWalls by an Induction Field 1767.9. Reflection and Absorption of Field Energy at a Conducting Surface 1777.10. Independent Apertures 1787.11. Dependent Apertures 1797.12. Honeycombs 1807.13. Summing Field Penetrations 1817.14. Power Line Filters 1827.15. Backshell Connectors 1847.16. H-Field Coupling 1867.17. Gaskets 1867.18. Finger Stock 1877.19. Glass Apertures 1887.20. Guarding Large Transistors 1887.21. Mounting Components on Surfaces 1887.22. Zappers 1907.23. Shielded and Screen Rooms 190AppendixA. The Decibel 192Further Reading 194Index 195

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