Green Hydrogen

Najoua Labjar is a professor in the Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM) at Université Mohammed V. She has authored and co-authored over 70 articles and book chapters and coordinates engineering courses on materials, quality, and environmental engineering. Her research focuses on materials science, the recovery and treatment of water and waste, and life cycle analysis approaches, particularly for monitoring and assessing environmental impacts.Souad El Hajjaji is a material, water, and environmental sciences professor at University Mohammed V. She has published over 250 peer-reviewed scientific papers and book chapters. Her research interests include the development of new processes for wastewater treatments, solid waste valorization, monitoring of pesticides and emergent pollutants in water and soil, and the management of water resources.Chandrabhan Verma, PhD is a researcher at the Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials at the King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals. He serves as a reviewer for several international journals and is a member of the American Chemical Society. His research focuses on synthesizing and designing environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors useful for several industrial applications.Shikha Dubey, PhD is an assistant professor of analytical chemistry in the Department of Chemistry at Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University. She has synthesized various nanomaterials via simple precipitation methods and green routes to treat metal-laden water and wastewater during her research. Her research interests include nanobiomaterial synthesis and characterization, development of low-cost adsorbents, nanoadsorbents, magnetic nanosorbents for water remediation, and green synthesis of materials, and characterization and applications in environmental remediation.

• Preface xix1 Green Hydrogen: Fundamentals, Properties, Classifications, Advantages and Challenges 1Gaydaa AlZohbi1.1 Introduction 11.2 Physical and Chemical Properties 41.3 Technologies Used to Generate Green Hydrogen 71.4 Advantages of Green Hydrogen 171.5 Challenges of Green Hydrogen 171.6 Conclusion 20References 212 Fundamentals of Green Energy and the Significance of Green Hydrogen 23Oumayma Benslimane, Loubna Bouhachlaf, Najoua Labjar, Hamid Nasrellah and Souad El Hajjaji2.1 Introduction 242.2 Types of Green Energy Sources 252.3 The Role of Green Energy in Mitigating Climate Change 282.4 Green Energy and Green Hydrogen 282.5 Green Hydrogen as a Sustainable Energy 292.6 Technological and Economic Challenges in Green Energy 312.7 Policy and Regulatory Challenges in Green Energy 322.8 Technological and Economic Challenges in Green Hydrogen 332.9 Conclusion 34References 343 Green Hydrogen and Green Energy Fundamentals and Relative Description 39Samghouli Nora, Labjar Najoua, Dalimi Mohamed and El Hajjaji Souad3.1 Introduction 403.2 Hydrogen Production 433.3 Green Energy Fundamentals 493.4 Integration of Green Hydrogen in the Energy Ecosystem 553.5 Assessment of the Environment and Economy 583.6 Conclusion 59References 604 Green Hydrogen Production: Relative Challenges and Opportunities of Different Method 73Loubna Bouhachlaf, Oumayma Benslimane, Nora Samghouli, Najoua Labjar and Souad El Hajjaji4.1 Introduction 744.2 Fundamentals of Green Hydrogen Production 744.3 Technological Advancements in Green Hydrogen Production 764.4 Economic and Policy Considerations 804.5 Economic and Environmental Benefits of Green Hydrogen 814.6 Challenges in Green Hydrogen Production 824.7 Policy and Regulatory Frameworks 854.8 Case Studies of Successful Green Hydrogen Projects 854.9 Prospects and Market Trends 864.10 Conclusion 87References 885 Social and Environmental Challenges of Green Hydrogen 93Sidra Khan Orakzai, Taj Muhammad and Muhammad Yaseen5.1 Introduction 945.2 Literature Survey 1035.3 Eco-Friendly Techniques for Producing Hydrogen 1045.4 Challenges 1185.5 Conclusions and Future Recommendations 134References 1346 Industrial Scale Challenges of Production and Consumption of Green Hydrogen 141Samghouli Nora, Bensemlali Meryem, Nasrellah Hamid, Labjar Najoua and El Hajjaji Souad6.1 Introduction 1426.2 Social Challenges 1446.3 Environmental Challenges 1476.4 Policy and Regulatory Challenges 1516.5 Social and Environmental Benefits 1536.6 Conclusion 155References 1567 Seawater as an Alternative Source for Hydrogen Production 169Abdelmalek Dahchour, Zineb Hammi, Yousra El Hamdouni, Najoua Labjar, Mohamed Dalimi and Souad El Hajjaji7.1 Introduction 1707.2 Production of Hydrogen from Freshwater 1717.3 Hydrogen Production and Water Scarcity 1747.4 Hydrogen from Seawater 1747.5 Electrocatalysts for OER 1767.6 Electrocatalysts for HER 1787.7 Conclusion 181References 1828 Green Hydrogen Investments and Financing: Public and Government Investments 189Zineb Hammi, Youssra El Hamdouni, Najoua Labjar, Houda Labjar, Hamid Nasrellah, Ayoub Cherrat, El Mostapha Lotfi and Souad El Hajjaji8.1 Introduction 1908.2 Financing Sources for Green Hydrogen Projects 1918.3 Analysis of Factors Driving Investor Attraction to Green Hydrogen 1938.4 Current State of Investment in Green Hydrogen 1958.5 Opportunities and Challenges in Financing Green Hydrogen 2068.6 Conclusion and Perspectives 208References 2089 Future of Green Hydrogen: Opportunities and Challenges 215Zineb Hammi, Youssra El Hamdouni, Najoua Labjar, Halima Mortadi, Houda Labjar, Bensemlali Meryem, El Mostapha Lotfi and Souad El Hajjaji9.1 Introduction 2169.2 Green Hydrogen 2179.3 Opportunities and Challenges for the Future of Green Hydrogen 2199.4 Conclusion and Perspectives 230References 23110 Green Hydrogen Production at Industrial Scale: Future Challenges and Opportunities 247Omar Dagdag, Rajesh Haldhar, Abhinay Thakur, Walid Daoudi, Avni Berisha, Elyor Berdimurodov and Hansang Kim10.1 Introduction 24810.2 Opportunities and Challenges of Green Hydrogen 25010.3 Conclusion 259References 26011 Significant Projects in Production, Storage and Applications of Green Hydrogen Around the World 265M. EL Hayany, H. EL Garni, Z. Miftah, S. Oubad, W. Makboul, A. Razouk, M. Abdellaoui, S. EL Hajjaji and O. Mounkachi11.1 Introduction to Green Hydrogen Projects 26611.2 Green Hydrogen Production Projects Around the World 26711.3 Global Projects for Storing Green Hydrogen 27411.4 Applications of Green Hydrogen in Various Sectors 28511.5 Conclusion 291Acknowledgments 291References 29112 Scenarios of Green Hydrogen of the World 299Wizra Khan, Ata Ur Rahman and Muhammad Yaseen12.1 Introduction 30012.2 Literature Review 30612.3 Method of Producing Hydrogen 30712.4 Comparison of Conventional Hydrogen Fabrication vs Green Hydrogen Fabrication 31912.5 Global Initiatives and Policies 32112.6 Applications 32612.7 Conclusions 32812.8 Future Outlook 329References 33013 Global Journey of Green Hydrogen: Opportunities and Challenges 337Maria Benbouzid, Loubna Bouhachlaf, Najoua Labjar, Mohamed Dalimi and Souad El Hajjaji13.1 Introduction 33813.2 Production Process of Green Hydrogen 34013.3 Current State of Green Hydrogen Worldwide 34213.4 Green Hydrogen Scenarios All Over the World 35013.5 Green Hydrogen Production Scenarios and Cost Projections 35713.6 Policy Scenarios for Green Hydrogen 36413.7 Conclusion 367References 36814 A Critical Review and Perspective of Challenges of Green Hydrogen 373M. Hajji, M. Abdellaoui, S. EL Hajjaji and O. Mounkachi14.1 Introduction to Green Hydrogen Challenges 37414.2 Technological Challenges 37514.3 Economic and Financial Challenges 38014.4 Environmental and Social Challenges 38414.5 Regulatory and Policy Challenges 38814.6 Social and Cultural Acceptance 39314.7 Conclusion 394References 39415 Green Hydrogen for Power and Heat Generation Applications 401Khasan Berdimuradov, Murodali Mamanazarov, Omar Dagdag, Mohamed Rbaa and Elyor Berdimurodov15.1 Introduction 40215.2 Power Generation Applications 40315.3 Heat Generation Applications 41015.4 Future Perspectives and Research Directions 41715.5 Conclusion 418References 41916 Green Hydrogen for Passenger/Goods Transport Applications 423Akbarali Rasulov, Husan Yaxshinorov, Javokhir Abdisattorov, Elyor Berdimurodov, Omar Dagdag, Mohamed Rbaa, Murodali Mamanazarov and Khasan Berdimuradov16.1 Introduction 42416.2 Green Hydrogen in Passenger Transport 42616.3 Green Hydrogen in Goods Transport 43316.4 Future Prospects 43716.5 Conclusion 438References 43817 Green Hydrogen as a Pillar of Energy Transition and Transport Innovation 443Siddhi Jaiswal17.1 Introduction 44317.2 Advantages of Green Hydrogen for Transport 44517.3 Applications in Passenger Transport 44717.4 Applications in Goods Transport 44817.5 Economic Advantages 44917.6 Future Prospects and Challenges 45117.7 Conclusion 453References 45418 Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCVs) Powered by Hydrogen Challenges and Constraints 457Pratik M. Pataniya and C.K. Sumesh18.1 Introduction 45818.2 Hydrogen as an Energy Carrier and Fuel 46018.3 Adoption of Hydrogen-Powered Vehicles 46118.4 Working of Fuel Cell Vehicles Using Hydrogen 46318.5 Technological Advancements 46518.6 Conclusion and Future Perspectives 469References 46919 Green Hydrogen for Water Desalination 479Rabia Zafar, Azeem Intisar, Muhammad Saeed, Tajamal Hussain and Muhammad Amin Abid19.1 Introduction 48019.2 Water Desalination Techniques 48319.3 Green Hydrogen Production Technologies 48619.4 Current Challenges and Future Prospective 49719.5 Conclusion 500References 50120 Green Hydrogen Policies and Regulations 511Loubna Bouhachlaf, Maria Benbouzid, Najoua Labjar and Souad El Hajjaji20.1 Introduction 51220.2 Key Regions Leading Green Hydrogen Production Around the World 51520.3 Global Green Hydrogen Policies and Initiatives 53120.4 Leading Green Hydrogen Regulations 53320.5 Conclusion 537References 538Index 545