This book constitutes revised selected papers from the 42nd International Workshop on Graph-Theoretic Concepts in Computer Science, WG 2016, held in Istanbul, Turkey, in June 2016. The 25 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 74 submissions.The WG conferences aim to connect theory and practice by demonstrating how graph-theoretic concepts can be applied to various areas of computer science and by extracting new graph problems from applications. Their goal is to present new research results and to identify and explore directions of future research.