Dipali Mukhopadhyay is Associate Professor at the University of Minnesota. She authored Warlords, Strongman Governors, and the State in Afghanistan (2014), short-listed for the biennial Central Eurasian Studies Society Book Award. She is a Senior Expert on Afghanistan at the US Institute of Peace. Kimberly Howe is Assistant Research Professor at the Friedman School and Research Director of Conflict and Governance at the Feinstein International Center at Tufts University. She has conducted conflict-focused research in over a dozen countries and regularly provides consultation to governments, international organizations and NGOs on their humanitarian, development and stabilization polices and initiatives.