Golden Horde – Revolutionary Italy, 1960–1977

Nanni Balestrini (1935–2019) was a poet, experimental writer, visual artist, and founding member of both the avant-garde Gruppo ’63 and the revolutionary organization Potere Operaio. Primo Moroni (1936–98) was a writer, activist, and archivist. Founder of the Calusa bookshop in Milan, for decades he was a point of reference for radical movements and subcultures across Italy. Richard Braude is a translator living in Palermo, Sicily.

• Translator?’s Introduction (2020)Preface to the Second Edition (1997) by Primo Moroni Editor’s Note (1997) by Sergio BianchiPreface to the First Edition (1988) by Primo Moroni and Nanni Balestrini1. In the Beginning There Were the Cities, the Youth, the Workers2. The 1960s: The Generation of Existential Revolt3. The Birth of the Mass Worker and the Break-Up of the Communist Movement24. From the Classroom to Anti-Authoritarianism5. The Explosion of ’686. 1969: The Hot Autumn7. The Extra-Parliamentary Groups8.. Armed Struggle and Workers’ Autonomy9.. The Revolution in Feminism10. The Movement of ’7711. Communication, Culture, Intellectuals12. Forward! How? And Where To?AppendixDiehards of the State by Rossana RossandaBibliography

"This classic book, now translated into English, uses eyewitness accounts from those decades to trace uprisings of workers and students in Italy, a country where the extreme left was particularly strong...This sprawling book vividly portrays the chaos, confusion, and contradictions of those years."