Aliya Tskhay is a Research Associate at the Institute of Middle East, Central Asia and Caucasus Studies at the University of St Andrews, United Kingdom. She holds a PhD in International Relations from the University of St Andrews. Dr Tskhay’s research focuses on energy policy issues in the Caspian region, and regional integration processes in Eurasia. She has taught at the Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan and the OSCE Academy in Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic. She has also been involved in consultancy projects for numerous governments, international companies and think tanks.

• Introduction. Peresenting the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative as a Norm.- The Theory of Norms: Norm Emergence, Implementation and Diffusion.- EITI as an Emerging Global Norm.- Norway: Leading by Example.- EITI Implementation in Kazakhstan: Overcoming Hurdles to Reach Compliance.- Kyrgyzstan: Capacity Constraints and Failed Compliance.- EITI Implementation in Azerbaijan: The Role of Internal Factors in the Norm's Internalisation.- Elements of Norm Implementation.- Conclusion.