Geological Records of Tsunamis and Other Extreme Waves

Dr. Engel has expertise in coastal geomorphology and sedimentology, palaeotsunami research, natural hazards, geoarchaeology, arid landscapes, and palaeoclimatology. Since 2012 he has held a position as postdoctoral researcher and lecturer at the University of Cologne. Prior to that, Dr. Engel was a research assistant and lecturer University of Cologne and at the University of Marburg. He received his PhD in Physical Geography from the University of Cologne. Dr. Pilarczyk has expertise in coastal geology, micropalaeontology, tsunamis, tropical cyclones, sea level change, palaeoseismology, natural hazards, and temperate, tropical, and arid coastlines. She is currently an Assistant Professor at the University of Southern Mississippi. Previously she held positions as a Postdoctoral Associate at Rutgers University, a Visiting Research Fellow at the Earth Observatory of Singapore, and a Visiting Research Fellow at the University of New South Wales. Dr. Pilarczyk received her PhD in Geology from McMaster University. Dr. May has expertise in coastal geomorphology, palaeotsunami and palaeotempestological research, geoarchaeology, and geochronology. He currently is a Postdoctoral researcher at the University of Cologne. Previously he served as a Postdoctoral researcher at the German Archaeological Institute, a research assistant and lecturer at the University of Cologne, and a Research assistant and lecturer at the University of Marburg. Dr. May received his PhD in Physical Geography from the University of Cologne. Dr. Brill has expertise in coastal geomorphology and sedimentology, natural hazard research, geochronology, and luminescence dating. He is currently the Head of Cologne Luminescence Laboratory at the University of Cologne. Dr. Brill’s previous experience includes serving as a Postdoc and Lecturer at the University of Cologne, a research assistant at the University of Cologne, and a research assistant and lecturer at the University of Marburg. He received his PhD in Physical Geography from the University of Cologne. Dr. Garrett has expertise in palaeoseismology, sea-level change, natural hazards, Quaternary environmental change, quantitative biostratigraphy, and geochronology. He is currently a Research Associate at the University of York. Dr. Garrett has previously held positions at Durham University, Northumbria University and the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences. He received his PhD in Physical Geography from Durham University.

• SECTION 1 Introduction1 Geological records of tsunamis and other extreme waves: concepts, applications and a short history of research2 Historical records: their importance in understanding and mitigating tsunamis3 Tsunami magnitude scales4 Trigger mechanisms and hydrodynamics of tsunamis5 Tsunami databases6 Onshore archives of tsunami depositsSECTION 2 Field methods7 Geophysical prospection and sedimentological characteristics of subaquatic tsunami deposits8 Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) in coastal hazard studies 9 Mapping of subaerial coarse clasts10 Post-event field surveysSECTION 3 Fine-Grained deposits11 The sedimentology and geometry of fine-grained tsunami deposits from onshore environments12 Foraminifera in tsunami deposits13 Ostracoda in extreme-wave deposits14 Diatoms in tsunami deposits15 The application of molluscs for investigating tsunami deposits16 Magnetic susceptibility and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility: versatile tools to decipher hydrodynamic characteristics of past tsunamis17 X-ray tomography applied to tsunami deposits18 Applications of geochemical proxies in paleotsunami research19 Microtextures in tsunami deposits: a useful sediment fingerprinting tool20 Paleogenetic approaches in tsunami deposit studies21 Post-depositional changes to tsunami deposits and their preservation potential22 Erosional signatures and reorganization in ridge-and-swale sequences23 Experimental and numerical models of fine sediment transport by tsunamis SECTION 4 Coarse-Clast deposits24 Spatial patterns of subaerial coarse clasts25 Mega-tsunami deposits related to ocean island flank collapses and asteroid impacts26 Erosive impact of tsunami and storm waves on rocky coasts and postdepositional weathering of coarse-clast deposits 27 Experimental models of coarse-clast transport by tsunamis28 Reconstruction of transport modes and flow parameters from coastal boulders29 Perspective of incipient motion formulas:boulder transport by high-energy wavesSECTION 5 Dating30 Radiocarbon dating of tsunami and storm deposits 31 Radiocarbon and U/Th dating of tsunami and storm-transported coarse clasts32 Optically stimulated luminescence dating of tsunami and storm deposits33 Archaeological dating of tsunami and storm deposits 34 Tephrostratigraphy and tephrochronology35 Cosmogenic nuclide dating of coarse clasts References36 Paleomagnetic dating of wave-emplaced boulders