Edited by Helen Lawton Smith, Professor of Entrepreneurship, Department of Management, Centre of Innovation Management Research, Birkbeck University of London, UK, Colette Henry, Head of Department of Business Studies, Dundalk Institute of Technology (DkIT), Ireland and Griffith University Australia, Henry Etzkowitz, President, Triple Helix Association and Alexandra Poulovassilis, Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, Birkbeck, University of London, UK

• Contents:Foreword by Sally Hardy xvii1 Introduction: pipeline break 1Henry Etzkowitz, Helen Lawton Smith, Colette Henry andAlexandra PoulovassilisPART I GENDER CULTURES AND INSTITUTIONS2 Being an early career academic: is there space for genderequality in the neoliberal university? 16Viviana Meschitti3 Becoming a professor requires saying ‘No’: merging equalityand quality agendas in a Norwegian gender balance project 35Rebecca Lund4 The National Science Foundation’s ADVANCE programme:issues for senior compared to junior academic women scientists 58Sue Rosser5 Using the embedded case study approach to analyse theleaky pipeline phenomenon in academic careers 82Silvia Cervia6 Feminization of the medical profession 106Rita Biancheri7 Resistance to women in academic medicine 128Laurel D. EdmundsPART II NETWORKING, MENTORING AND SUPPORT8 Networking, gender and academia: an ecosystems approach 146Colette Henry, Helen Lawton Smith, Viviana Meschitti,Lene Foss and Pauric McGowan9 Academic support for female entrepreneurs: the positivelasting effects of learning networks 168Aisling O’Neill and Bill O’Gorman10 Gender perspective in mentoring relationships: a case studyof GENOVATE@UNINA 189Ilenia Picardi and Maria Carmela Agodi11 Gender and international collaborations in science andtechnology community building and policy agenda setting:an integrated analytical approach 215Connie L. McNeely and Katie Seely-GantPART III ENTREPRENEURSHIP, INNOVATION,COMMERCIALIZATION12 Gender differences in the commercialisation of research:a study in UK universities 242Helen Lawton Smith, Viviana Meschitti, Jeanne Le Roux,Mark Panton, Ning Baines, Alexandra Poulovassilis andColette Henry13 Unfolding the factors affecting female scientists’ intentions inspin-off creation: a Central European case study 261S.ndor Huszár, Szabolcs Prónay and Norbert Buzàs14 Gender diversity in R&D teams and its impact on firmopenness 282Lisa Messina, Gary Chapman and Nola Hewitt-Dundas15 The entrepreneurial intention in female university students:an Italian case 305Alessandra Micozzi and Francesca Micozzi16 Gender, race and entrepreneurship in the United States 328Cheryl B. Leggon17 Trends and determinants of women in patenting in theUnited States 348Sharmistha Bagchi-Sen and Peter Rogerson18 AUTM Women Inventors Committee: working to close thegender gap in university patenting 361Kathleen Sohar, Forough Ghahramani, Jennifer Gottwald,Linda Kawano and Jennifer Shockro19 Gender equity and equality: resistance and advance inacademic science and innovation 380Henry Etzkowitz, Carol Kemelgor and Leila Maria KehlIndex 405

'A comprehensive collection of articles on women scientists in academia at various stages of careers in science and on women in medicine and innovation, interrogating structures and gender equality programs, this book provides a rich insight and a thorough update on the current situation of women in science.'--Namrata Gupta, IIT Kanpur Campus, India'This book turns a timely spotlight on gender imbalances and the stalled gender revolution in the academic science field, including technical entrepreneurship. Comprehensive case exemplars and strategic insights make it a must-read not only for researchers with interest in the field, but also for all those seeking inspiration on how to advance gender equality in the sciences and academia.'--Anne de Bruin, Massey University, New Zealand'This collection is a compelling read for those interested in the state of gender relations in the science and innovation domains. Its critical feminist stance challenges the reader to reflect on the nature and causes of gender inequality and, more importantly, the cultural shift required to address these imbalances.'--Maura McAdam, DCU Business School, Republic of Ireland

Edited by Helen Lawton Smith, Professor of Entrepreneurship, Department of Management, Centre of Innovation Management Research, Birkbeck University of London, UK, Colette Henry, Head of Department of Business Studies, Dundalk Institute of Technology (DkIT), Ireland and Griffith University Australia, Henry Etzkowitz, President, Triple Helix Association and Alexandra Poulovassilis, Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, Birkbeck, University of London, UK

• Contents:Foreword by Sally Hardy xvii1 Introduction: pipeline break 1Henry Etzkowitz, Helen Lawton Smith, Colette Henry andAlexandra PoulovassilisPART I GENDER CULTURES AND INSTITUTIONS2 Being an early career academic: is there space for genderequality in the neoliberal university? 16Viviana Meschitti3 Becoming a professor requires saying ‘No’: merging equalityand quality agendas in a Norwegian gender balance project 35Rebecca Lund4 The National Science Foundation’s ADVANCE programme:issues for senior compared to junior academic women scientists 58Sue Rosser5 Using the embedded case study approach to analyse theleaky pipeline phenomenon in academic careers 82Silvia Cervia6 Feminization of the medical profession 106Rita Biancheri7 Resistance to women in academic medicine 128Laurel D. EdmundsPART II NETWORKING, MENTORING AND SUPPORT8 Networking, gender and academia: an ecosystems approach 146Colette Henry, Helen Lawton Smith, Viviana Meschitti,Lene Foss and Pauric McGowan9 Academic support for female entrepreneurs: the positivelasting effects of learning networks 168Aisling O’Neill and Bill O’Gorman10 Gender perspective in mentoring relationships: a case studyof GENOVATE@UNINA 189Ilenia Picardi and Maria Carmela Agodi11 Gender and international collaborations in science andtechnology community building and policy agenda setting:an integrated analytical approach 215Connie L. McNeely and Katie Seely-GantPART III ENTREPRENEURSHIP, INNOVATION,COMMERCIALIZATION12 Gender differences in the commercialisation of research:a study in UK universities 242Helen Lawton Smith, Viviana Meschitti, Jeanne Le Roux,Mark Panton, Ning Baines, Alexandra Poulovassilis andColette Henry13 Unfolding the factors affecting female scientists’ intentions inspin-off creation: a Central European case study 261S.ndor Huszár, Szabolcs Prónay and Norbert Buzàs14 Gender diversity in R&D teams and its impact on firmopenness 282Lisa Messina, Gary Chapman and Nola Hewitt-Dundas15 The entrepreneurial intention in female university students:an Italian case 305Alessandra Micozzi and Francesca Micozzi16 Gender, race and entrepreneurship in the United States 328Cheryl B. Leggon17 Trends and determinants of women in patenting in theUnited States 348Sharmistha Bagchi-Sen and Peter Rogerson18 AUTM Women Inventors Committee: working to close thegender gap in university patenting 361Kathleen Sohar, Forough Ghahramani, Jennifer Gottwald,Linda Kawano and Jennifer Shockro19 Gender equity and equality: resistance and advance inacademic science and innovation 380Henry Etzkowitz, Carol Kemelgor and Leila Maria KehlIndex 405

'A comprehensive collection of articles on women scientists in academia at various stages of careers in science and on women in medicine and innovation, interrogating structures and gender equality programs, this book provides a rich insight and a thorough update on the current situation of women in science.'--Namrata Gupta, IIT Kanpur Campus, India'This book turns a timely spotlight on gender imbalances and the stalled gender revolution in the academic science field, including technical entrepreneurship. Comprehensive case exemplars and strategic insights make it a must-read not only for researchers with interest in the field, but also for all those seeking inspiration on how to advance gender equality in the sciences and academia.'--Anne de Bruin, Massey University, New Zealand'This collection is a compelling read for those interested in the state of gender relations in the science and innovation domains. Its critical feminist stance challenges the reader to reflect on the nature and causes of gender inequality and, more importantly, the cultural shift required to address these imbalances.'--Maura McAdam, DCU Business School, Republic of Ireland

Edited by Helen Lawton Smith, Professor of Entrepreneurship, Department of Management, Centre of Innovation Management Research, Birkbeck University of London, UK, Colette Henry, Head of Department of Business Studies, Dundalk Institute of Technology (DkIT), Ireland and Griffith University Australia, Henry Etzkowitz, President, Triple Helix Association and Alexandra Poulovassilis, Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, Birkbeck, University of London, UK

• Contents:Foreword by Sally Hardy xvii1 Introduction: pipeline break 1Henry Etzkowitz, Helen Lawton Smith, Colette Henry andAlexandra PoulovassilisPART I GENDER CULTURES AND INSTITUTIONS2 Being an early career academic: is there space for genderequality in the neoliberal university? 16Viviana Meschitti3 Becoming a professor requires saying ‘No’: merging equalityand quality agendas in a Norwegian gender balance project 35Rebecca Lund4 The National Science Foundation’s ADVANCE programme:issues for senior compared to junior academic women scientists 58Sue Rosser5 Using the embedded case study approach to analyse theleaky pipeline phenomenon in academic careers 82Silvia Cervia6 Feminization of the medical profession 106Rita Biancheri7 Resistance to women in academic medicine 128Laurel D. EdmundsPART II NETWORKING, MENTORING AND SUPPORT8 Networking, gender and academia: an ecosystems approach 146Colette Henry, Helen Lawton Smith, Viviana Meschitti,Lene Foss and Pauric McGowan9 Academic support for female entrepreneurs: the positivelasting effects of learning networks 168Aisling O’Neill and Bill O’Gorman10 Gender perspective in mentoring relationships: a case studyof GENOVATE@UNINA 189Ilenia Picardi and Maria Carmela Agodi11 Gender and international collaborations in science andtechnology community building and policy agenda setting:an integrated analytical approach 215Connie L. McNeely and Katie Seely-GantPART III ENTREPRENEURSHIP, INNOVATION,COMMERCIALIZATION12 Gender differences in the commercialisation of research:a study in UK universities 242Helen Lawton Smith, Viviana Meschitti, Jeanne Le Roux,Mark Panton, Ning Baines, Alexandra Poulovassilis andColette Henry13 Unfolding the factors affecting female scientists’ intentions inspin-off creation: a Central European case study 261S.ndor Huszár, Szabolcs Prónay and Norbert Buzàs14 Gender diversity in R&D teams and its impact on firmopenness 282Lisa Messina, Gary Chapman and Nola Hewitt-Dundas15 The entrepreneurial intention in female university students:an Italian case 305Alessandra Micozzi and Francesca Micozzi16 Gender, race and entrepreneurship in the United States 328Cheryl B. Leggon17 Trends and determinants of women in patenting in theUnited States 348Sharmistha Bagchi-Sen and Peter Rogerson18 AUTM Women Inventors Committee: working to close thegender gap in university patenting 361Kathleen Sohar, Forough Ghahramani, Jennifer Gottwald,Linda Kawano and Jennifer Shockro19 Gender equity and equality: resistance and advance inacademic science and innovation 380Henry Etzkowitz, Carol Kemelgor and Leila Maria KehlIndex 405

'A comprehensive collection of articles on women scientists in academia at various stages of careers in science and on women in medicine and innovation, interrogating structures and gender equality programs, this book provides a rich insight and a thorough update on the current situation of women in science.'--Namrata Gupta, IIT Kanpur Campus, India'This book turns a timely spotlight on gender imbalances and the stalled gender revolution in the academic science field, including technical entrepreneurship. Comprehensive case exemplars and strategic insights make it a must-read not only for researchers with interest in the field, but also for all those seeking inspiration on how to advance gender equality in the sciences and academia.'--Anne de Bruin, Massey University, New Zealand'This collection is a compelling read for those interested in the state of gender relations in the science and innovation domains. Its critical feminist stance challenges the reader to reflect on the nature and causes of gender inequality and, more importantly, the cultural shift required to address these imbalances.'--Maura McAdam, DCU Business School, Republic of Ireland