Gender Mainstreaming in Poverty Eradication and the Millennium Development Goals

Naila Kabeer is a social economist and Professorial Fellow at the Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, UK.

• Abbreviations Foreword Executive Summary   1. Gender, Poverty and Development Policy Introduction A Brief History of Poverty Reduction Policies Putting Gender on the Policy Agenda   2. Integrating Gender into Macroeconomic Analysis Introduction Gender Bias in Macroeconomic Analysis Empirical Findings Gender Equity and Economic Growth: Competing Hypothesis Conclusion   3. The Geography of Gender Inequality Introduction Institutions and Gender Inequality Regional Perspectives on Gender Equality Updating the Geography of Gender Classifying Gender Constraints Conclusion   4. Approaches to Poverty Analysis and its Gender Dimensions Introduction The Poverty Line Approach The Capabilities Approach Participatory Poverty Assessments (PPAs) Conclusion   5. Gender Inequality and Poverty Eradication: Promoting Household Livelihoods Introduction Gender Inequality and Household Poverty in South Asia Gender Inequality and Household Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa Links Between Gender Inequality and Income Poverty: The Wider Picture Conclusion   6. Gender Equality and Human Development Outcomes: Enhancing Capabilities Introduction Gender Inequality and Human Development: The Equity Rationale Gender Inequality and Family Well-being: The Instrument Rationale Conclusion   7. Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment Introduction Conceptualising Empowerment: Agency, Resources and Achievement Access to Education and Women’s Empowerment Access to Paid Work and Women’s Empowerment Voice, Participation and Women’s Empowerment Agency and Collective Action: Building Citizenship from the Grassroots Conclusion   8. Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment Introduction Gender Equality and Economic Growth: Synergy or Trade-off? Poverty Reduction Strategy papers (PRSPs): A Gender Audit Gender-responsive Budget (GRB) Analysis Mainstreaming Gender in Policy-making Institutions Mobilising around Gender Equity Goals: Building active Citizenship Conclusion   Select Bibliography Glossary

"A gender perspective means recognising that women stand at the crossroads between production and reproduction, between economic activity and the care of human beings, and therefore between economic growth and human development. They are workers in both spheres - those most responsible and therefore with most at stake, those who suffer most when the two spheres meet at cross-purposes, and those most sensitive to the need for better integration between the two." Gita Sen