Fundamentals of Sustainable Drilling Engineering

M.E. Hossain, PhD, is an assistant professor in the department of petroleum engineering at King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals. He earned his PhD in petroleum engineering from Dalhousie University in 2008 and is the author of one book and over 40 research on petroleum engineering. A. Al-Majed, PhD, is an associate professor in the department of petroleum engineering at King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, earning his PhD in petroleum engineering in 1988 from the University of Southern California. Dr Al-Majed's industrial experience includes working in the reservoir, production, drilling and workover departments, including over twenty years of experience in teaching drilling engineering.

• Foreword xixPreface xxiAcknowledgements xxiiiSummary xxv1 Introduction 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Introduction of Drilling Engineering 11.3 Importance of Drilling Engineering 21.4 Application of Drilling Engineering 21.5 History of Oil Discovery 31.6 An Overview of Drilling Engineering 51.7 Organization Chart and Manpower Requirements during Drilling Operations 121.8 Aspect of Sustainability in Drilling Operations 131.9 Summary 15References 162 Drilling Methods 172.1 Introduction 172.2 Types of Drilling Methods 182.3 Rotary Drilling Rig and its Components 202.4 Drilling Process 222.5 Types of Rotary Drilling Rigs 502.6 Nature and Need for Sustainable Drilling Operations 572.7 Current Practice in the Industries 582.8 Future Trend in Drilling Methods 612.9 Summary 622.10 Nomenclature 622.11 Exercise 63Appendix 2A 65Rig Floor (Conventional Rotary Rig) 65Rig Floor (Top Drive) 65Blowout Preventer Stack And Wellhead 66Drilling Fluid Equipment 66References 713 Drilling Fluids 733.1 Introduction 733.2 Drilling Fluid Circulating System 743.3 Classifi cation of Drilling Fluids 763.4 Composition of Drilling Fluids 823.5 Mud Additives 843.6 Measurement of Drilling Fluids Properties 1013.7 New Drilling Mud Calculations 1243.8 Design of Mud Weight 1253.9 Current Developments in Drilling Fluids 1283.10 Future Trend on Drilling Fluids 1313.11 Summary 1333.12 Nomenclature 1333.13 Exercises 135References 1364 Drilling Hydraulics 1414.1 Introduction 1414.2 Types of Fluids 1424.3 Flow Regimes 1564.4 Hydrostatic Pressure Calculation 1624.5 Fluid Flow through Pipes 1694.6 Fluid Flow through Drill Bits 1714.7 Pressure Loss Calculation of the Rig System 1734.8 Current Development on Drilling Hydraulics 1834.9 Future Trend on Drilling Hydraulics 1924.10 Summary 1954.11 Nomenclature 1954.12 Exercise 197References 1995 Well Control and Monitoring Program 2055.1 Introduction 2055.2 Well Control System 2065.3 Warning Signals of Kicks 2115.4 Control of Infl ux and Kill Mud 2145.5 BOP Equipment for Well Control System 2275.6 Well Monitoring System 2385.7 Current Practice in Well Control and Monitoring 2405.8 Future Trend on Well Control and Monitoring System 2445.9 Summary 2475.10 Nomenclature 2475.11 Exercise 248References 2496 Formation Pore and Fracture Pressure Estimation 2516.1 Introduction 2516.2 Geological Aspects of Rock Mechanics in Drilling 2526.3 Current Development on Formation Pore and Fracture Pressure 3126.4 Future Trend on Formation Pore and Fracture Pressure 3136.5 Summary 3146.6 Nomenclature 3146.7 Exercise 317References 3187 Basics of Drill String Design 3217.1 Introduction 3217.2 Drill String Components 3227.3 Drilling Bit 3347.4 Drill String Design 3447.5 Bit Design 3647.6 Drilling Bit Selection 3667.7 Drilling Bit Performance 3687.8 Drilling Optimization Techniques 3717.9 Factors Aff ecting Rate of Penetration 3797.10 Rate of Penetration Modelling 3927.11 Current Development on Drill String and Bottomhole Assembly Design 4167.12 Future Trend on Drill String and Bottomhole Assembly Design 4237.13 Summary 4247.14 Nomenclature 4247.15 Exercise 427References 4288 Casing Design 4338.1 Introduction 4338.2 Importance of Casing String 4348.3 Types of Casing String 4358.4 Components of Casing String 4418.5 Classifi cation and Properties of Casing 4428.6 Manufacturing of Casing 4468.7 Rig-site Operation 4478.8 Casing Design and Selection Criteria 4518.9 Current Development in Casing Technology 4778.10 Discussions on Some Case Studies 4908.11 Future Trend on Casing Design Development 4978.12 Summary 4988.13 Nomenclature 4988.14 Exercises 499References 5009 Cementing 5039.1 Introduction 5039.2 Applications of Oil Well Cements 5049.3 Cement Production 5089.4 Classifications of Oil Well Cements 5109.5 Cement Properties 5139.6 Types of Cementing 5229.7 Oil Well Cement Additives 5289.8 Cementing Design Process 5319.9 Laboratory Tests on Cements Slurry 5349.10 Mechanics of Cementing 5499.11 Cement Job Evaluation 5559.12 Cement Volume Calculation 5579.13 Practical Calculations 5589.14 Recommendations for Successful Cementing 5649.15 Current Development on Cementing 5649.16 Future Trend on Cementing 5659.17 Summary 5669.18 Nomenclature 5679.19 Exercises 568References 57010 Horizontal and Directional Drilling 57110.1 Introduction 57110.2 Functions 57210.3 Basic Terminologies 57610.4 Types of Directional Drilling 58010.5 Well Planning Trajectory 59410.6 Directional Drilling Tools 59910.7 Well Survey 61610.8 Geo-steering 63510.9 Current Trends in Directional Drilling 63610.10 Future Trends in Directional Drilling 63710.11 Summary 63910.12 Nomenclature 63910.13 Exercise 640References 64211 Well Drilling Cost Analysis 64311.1 Introduction 64311.2 Variables Related to Drilling Costs 64411.3 Types of Well Drilling Costs 64511.4 Brake Down of Total Well Drilling Cost 64711.5 Authorisation for Expenditure 64711.6 Drilling Cost Estimation 64911.7 Well Drilling Time Estimation 65611.8 Time Value of Investment 66811.9 Price Elasticity 66911.10 Current Trend on Drilling Cost Analysis 67011.11 Future Trend on Drilling Cost Analysis 67211.12 Summary 67311.13 Nomenclature 67311.14 Exercise 674References 67712 Well Completion 67912.1 Introduction 67912.2 History of Well Completion 68012.3 Requirements for Well Completion 68012.4 Types of Well Completion 68312.5 Factors Infl uencing Well Completion Design 69512.6 Completion Equipment and Materials 69712.7 Sand Control 71912.8 Remedial Cementing 72112.9 Corrosion and Corrosion Prevention 72412.10 Current Development on Well Completion 72912.11 Future Trend on Well Completion 73312.12 Summary 735References 735Index 737