Fundamentals of Physical Metallurgy

John D. Verhoeven is the author of Fundamentals of Physical Metallurgy, published by Wiley.

• Introduction Chapter 1 Description of Crystals 1.1 Atom Packing in fcc and hcp Crystals 1.2 The Stereographic Projection Chapter 2 Structure Determination 2.1 X-ray Diffraction 2.2 Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) 2.3 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Chapter 3 the Plastic Deformation of Metal Crystals 3.1 Slip Systems 3.2 Resolved Shear Stress (Schmidt Factor) 3.3 Single-Crystal Tensile Tests (fcc) 3.4 Relationship to Polycrystalline Deformation 3.5 Theoretical Strength of Metals Chapter 4 Dislocations 4.1 The Edge Dislocation 4.2 The Screw Dislocation 4.3 Mixed Dislocations 4.4 Terminology of "Crooked" Dislocations 4.5 Dislocation Loops 4.6 Mobile Dislocations in Real Crystals 4.7 Observation of Dislocations 4.8 Elastic Strain Energy 4.9 Energy of Dislocations 4.10 Forces upon Dislocations 4.11 The Stress Field Produced by Dislocations 4.12 Line Tension 4.13 Extended Dislocations 4.14 Dislocations in fcc Metals 4.15 Frank-Read Generator 4.16 Interpretation of Plastic Flow in Terms of DislocationMotion Chapter 5 Vacancies 5.1 Vacancy Formation Chapter 6 Diffusion 6.1 Phenomenological Approach 6.2 Atomistic Approach Chapter 7 Interfaces 7.1 Classification, Geometry, and Energy of Interfaces 7.2 Surface Tension and Surface Free Energy of Interfaces 7.3 The Shape of Grains in Two and Three Dimensions 7.4 Grain-Boundary Segregation 7.5 Motion of Grain Boundaries Chapter 8 Nucleation 8.1 Homogeneous Nucleation 8.2 Heterogeneous Nucleation Chapter 9 Solidification 9.1 Nucleation 9.2 Solidfication of Pure Metals 9.3 Solidification of Alloys 9.4 Solidification of Eutectic Alloys 9.5 Cast Metals Chapter 10 Recovery and Recrystal- Lization 10.1 Stored Energy 10.2 Release of Stored Energy during Annealing 10.3 Kinetics of Recovery 10.4 Nucleation Mechanisms for Recrystallization 10.5 Kinetics of Recrystallization 10.6 Control of Recrystallization Temperature and Grain Size 10.7 Related Topics Chapter 11 Precipitation from Solid Solutions 11.1 Review of Free-Energy Composition Diagrams 11.2 The Precipitation Transformation 11.3 Nucleation in the Solid State 11.4 Kinetics of Precipitation Reactions 11.5 Precipitation Hardening Chapter 12 Diffusion-Controlled Growth of EquilibriumPrecipitates 12.1 Single-Phase Precipitates 12.2 Eutectoid Transformations 12.3 Discontinuous Precipitation Chapter 13 Martensitic Transformations 13.1 Twinning 13.2 Crystallography of Martensitic Transformations 13.3 Some Characteristics of Martensitic Transformations 13.4 Thermodynamics 13.5 Thermoelastic Martensites 13.6 Additional Characteristics of MartensiticTransformations 13.7 Nucleation of Martensite 13.8 Summary and Comparison with Massive Transformations 13.9 Bainite Chapter 14 Some Applications of Physical Metallurgy 14.1 Strengthening Mechanisms 14.2 Strength and Ductility 14.3 The Physical Metallurgy of Some High-Strength Steels Appendix A S.I. Units Index