Alice Pannier is Assistant Professor of International Relations and European Studies at the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), Johns Hopkins University, USA. She is also an associate research fellow with the Security Studies Centre of the French Institute of International Relations (IFRI).Olivier Schmitt is Professor of Political Science at the Center for War Studies, University of Southern Denmark, and currently head of research and studies at the French Institute of Higher National Defence Studies (IHEDN).

• Introduction 1. Defence institutions and civil-military relations 2. Transforming the French armed forces 3. Nuclear Deterrence: Capabilities and Doctrine 4. Defence Industry and Procurement 5. At war: French military operations since 1991 6. France and its partners Conclusion

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Alice Pannier is Assistant Professor of International Relations and European Studies at the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), Johns Hopkins University, USA. She is also an associate research fellow with the Security Studies Centre of the French Institute of International Relations (IFRI).Olivier Schmitt is Professor of Political Science at the Center for War Studies, University of Southern Denmark, and currently head of research and studies at the French Institute of Higher National Defence Studies (IHEDN).

• Introduction 1. Defence institutions and civil-military relations 2. Transforming the French armed forces 3. Nuclear Deterrence: Capabilities and Doctrine 4. Defence Industry and Procurement 5. At war: French military operations since 1991 6. France and its partners Conclusion

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Alice Pannier is Assistant Professor of International Relations and European Studies at the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), Johns Hopkins University, USA. She is also an associate research fellow with the Security Studies Centre of the French Institute of International Relations (IFRI).Olivier Schmitt is Professor of Political Science at the Center for War Studies, University of Southern Denmark, and currently head of research and studies at the French Institute of Higher National Defence Studies (IHEDN).

• Introduction 1. Defence institutions and civil-military relations 2. Transforming the French armed forces 3. Nuclear Deterrence: Capabilities and Doctrine 4. Defence Industry and Procurement 5. At war: French military operations since 1991 6. France and its partners Conclusion

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