Joe Saunders is Assistant Professor in Philosophy, Durham University, UK. He is the author of numerous articles on Kant and two co-edited books, Media Ethics, Free Speech, and the Requirements of Democracy (2019) and Wellbeing Economics: The Capabilities Approach to Prosperity (2018).

• AcknowledgementsIntroduction, Joe Saunders (Durham University, UK)PART I. The 18th Century: Kant and his Contemporaries; Freedom and Normativity1. Freedom, Radical Evil and Ought Implies Can: A Problem for Kant, Robert Stern (University of Sheffield, UK)2. Reinhold on Free Will and Moral Obligation: A Kantian Response, Jochen Bojanowski (University of Illinois, USA)3. Kant and the Fate of Freedom: 1788-1800, Owen Ware (University of Toronto, Canada)4. Fichte on Self-Sufficiency and Teleology, Gabriel Gottlieb (Xavier University, USA)PART II. The 19th Century: The post-Kantians, Idealists and Pragmatists; Nature, Politics and Experience5. The Feeling of Freedom: Schelling on the Role of Freedom in Grasping Nature, Dalia Nassar (University of Sydney, Australia)6. Is Autonomy sufficient for Freedom?, Charlotte Alderwick (University of the West of England Bristol, UK)7. Freedom and Hegel’s Theory of the State, Christoph Schuringa (New College of the Humanities, UK)8. ‘In and Through their Association’: Freedom and Communism in Marx, Jan Kandiyali (LSE, UK) and Andrew Chitty (University of Sussex, UK)9. Mill on Freedom, Normativity, and Spontaneity, Christopher Macleod (University of Lancaster, UK)10. Practical Grounds for Freedom: Kant and James on Freedom, Experience, and an Open Future, Joe Saunders (Durham University, UK) and Neil Williams (University of Roehampton, UK)PART III. The 20th Century: New Developments: Freedom, The Self, and Others11. Levinas and “Finite Freedom”, James Lewis (University of Birmingham, UK) and Simon Thornton (University of Sheffield, UK):12. Rethinking Existentialism: From Radical Freedom to Sedimentation, Jon Webber (University of Cardiff, UK)13. ‘Murdoch on Freedom’, Ana Barandalla (The Aga Khan University)Index

The essays in this collection trace the emergence and expression of Kant’s own conception of freedom, its criticism and appropriation by his contemporaries, and its lasting influence on European philosophy. They are of uniformly high quality, and make important contributions to our understanding of this essential idea.