This book provides scientific evidence to underline the notion that forests offer the most reliable water catchments in the natural environment. The unique Australian ecosystem provides valuable information on the water yields and hydro-ecology of forests. Insights can be transferred to other climate zones and conditions. In this second edition, the author puts a particular focus on the most prominent challenges of our time, in relation to water management. Ground salinity, climate change, and droughts have all been newly added to this updated edition. One of the most important concepts is highlighting the accumulated contribution of smaller catchments and minor streams. Finally, readers will also get information on the economic dimension of water management. With its incisive, disciplined, and quantitative (and occasionally humorous) approach, this book helps scientists, students, and regulators to understand water-driven conflicts andoffers guidance on management.