Factors Affecting Neurodevelopment

Colin R. Martin RN, BSc, MSc, PhD, MBA, YCAP, FHEA, C.Psychol, AFBPsS, C.Sci is Professor of Clinical Psychobiology and Applied Psychoneuroimmunology and Clinical Director of the Institute of Health and Wellbeing at the University of Suffolk, UK. He is a Chartered Health Psychologist and a Chartered Scientist. He also trained in analytical biochemistry, this aspect reflecting the psychobiological focus of much of his research within mental health. He has published or has in press well over 300 research papers and book chapters. He is a keen book author and editor having written and/or edited more than 50 books. These outputs include the prophetic insight into the treatment of neurological disease, Handbook of Behavior, Food and Nutrition (2011), Nanomedicine and the Nervous System (2012), Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants in Neurological Disease (2020), Zika Virus Impact, Diagnosis, Control and Models (2021), Factors Affecting Neurodevelopment: Genetics, Neurology, Behavior and Diet (2021), Diagnosis and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury (2022), The Neurobiology, Physiology, and Psychology of Pain (2022) and The Handbook of Lifespan Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Childhood, Adolescence, Pregnancy, Adulthood, and Aging (2023). Professor Martin is particularly interested in all aspects of the relationship between underlying physiological substrates and behavior, particularly in how these relationships manifest in both acute and chronic psychiatric disorder. He has published original research germane to significant mental health disorders including the areas of schizophrenia, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, alcohol and drug dependency, high secure forensic mental health and personality disorder. He has a keen interest in the impact of postviral illness and is actively involved in clinical research post-Covid pandemic and in particular, the impact of Long Covid on psychological, neurological, physiological and social functioning. He is involved in collaborative International research with many European and Non-European countries. Victor R. Preedy BSc, PhD, DSc, FRSB, FRSPH, FRSC, FRCPath graduated with an Honours Degree in Biology and Physiology with Pharmacology. After gaining his University of London PhD, he received his Membership of the Royal College of Pathologists. He was later awarded his second doctorate (DSc), for his contribution to protein metabolism in health and disease. He is Professor of Clinical Biochemistry (Hon) at King’s College Hospital and Emeritus Professor of Nutritional Biochemistry at King’s College London. He has Honorary Professorships at the University of Hull, and the University of Suffolk. Professor Preedy was the Founding Director and then long-term Director of the Genomics Centre at King’s College London from 2006 to 2020. Professor Preedy has been awarded fellowships of the Royal Society of Biology, the Royal College of Pathologists, the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health, the Royal Institute of Public Health, the Royal Society for Public Health, the Royal Society of Chemistry and the Royal Society of Medicine. He carried out research when attached to the National Heart Hospital (part of Imperial College London), The School of Pharmacy (now part of University College London) and the MRC Centre at Northwick Park Hospital. He has collaborated with international research groups in Finland, Japan, Australia, USA, and Germany. To his credit, Professor Preedy has published over 750 articles, which includes peer-reviewed manuscripts based on original research, abstracts and symposium presentations, reviews and edited books. Dr Rajkumar Rajendram is a clinician scientist with a focus on internal medicine, anaesthesia, intensive care and peri-operative medicine. He graduated with distinctions from Guy’s, King’s and St. Thomas Medical School, King’s College London in 2001. As an undergraduate he was awarded several prizes, merits and distinctions in pre-clinical and clinical subjects. Dr Rajendram began his post-graduate medical training in general medicine and intensive care in Oxford. He attained membership of the Royal College of Physicians (MRCP) in 2004 and completed specialist training in acute and general medicine in Oxford in 2010. Dr Rajendram subsequently practiced as a Consultant in Acute General Medicine at the John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford. Dr Rajendram also trained in anaesthesia and intensive care in London and was awarded a fellowship of the Royal College of Anaesthetists (FRCA) in 2009. He completed advanced training in regional anaesthesia and intensive care. He was awarded a fellowship of the Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine (FFICM) in 2013 and obtained the European diploma of intensive care medicine (EDIC) in 2014. He then moved to the Royal Free London Hospitals as a Consultant in Intensive Care, Anaesthesia and Peri-operative Medicine. He has been a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh (FRCP Edin) and the Royal College of Physicians of London (FRCP Lond) since 2017 and 2019 respectively. He is currently a Consultant in Internal Medicine at King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Heath Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.Dr Rajendram’s focus on improving outcomes from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has involved research on point of care ultrasound and phenotypes of COVID-19. Dr Rajendram also recognises that nutritional support is a fundamental aspect of medical care. This is particularly important for patients with COVID-19. As a clinician scientist he has therefore devoted significant time and effort into nutritional science research and education. He is an affiliated member of the Nutritional Sciences Research Division of King’s College London and has published over 400 textbook chapters, review articles, peer-reviewed papers and abstracts.

• I. Genetics, Molecular and Celluar Biology1. Hereditary motor neuropathies2. Dopamine transporter (DAT1) polymorphism and development3. Genome wide association studies (GWAS) and neurodevelopment: Autism spectrum disorder4. SNPs and cerebral palsy5. Epigenetic regulation of cortical neurogenesis6. Functions and dynamics of axonal mitochondria7. Linking apoptosis and caspases in fetal neural tube defects8. Brain oxidative stress in Down syndrome9. Linking Adhesion GPCRs to Glial Cell Development and Function10. Immunoglobulin cell adhesion molecule superfamily and neurodevelopment11. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurogenesis12. slc7a5 and neural development13. Linking SOX3, SRY and disorders of neurodevelopment14. Neuronal Src-homology-2 (SH2)B adaptor protein-1 (Sh2b1) and brain growth15. Effects of extrinsic factors and intracellular signalling and transcription factors regulating the development and cell fate of spinal cord ependymal cells16. Signaling molecules controlling oligodendrocyte development and brain myelinationII. Neurological and Imaging Features17. Fetal brain structures: imaging oriented18. Four-dimensional (4D) ultrasonography: Methods, uses and fetal neuroscience19. Linking histology and neurological development of the fetal and infant brain20. Development of Corticospinal tract axons: from embryonic stage to adulthood21. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and neurodevelopment22. Brain-wide connectivity architecture: developmental aspects23. Development and pathology of the germinal matrix24. Development of the GABAergic network in the mouse spinal cord25. Postnatal development, electrophysiology and sensory sural nerves26. Neuroscience of the developing axonal strata in the human fetal brain27. Neuroactive steroids and neurodevelopment28. Voltage and ligand-gated ion channels appearance and function in neurodevelopment29. Features of brain development over 13 years in preterms30. The medial pulvinar in neurodevelopment31. Cortical sulci in the human fetal brain and development32. The prenatal development of the human cerebellum33. Developing cerebello-cerebral connectivity in health and disease: a focus on epilepsy34. Prenatal exposure to progestins: impact on neurodevelopment of the childIII. Physiological Aspects35. Brain lesion characteristics in relation to upper limb function in children with unilateral cerebral palsy36. Maternal exercise and brain development37. Pyramidal neurons: physiology, Pathophysiology and postnatal development38. Working memory: physiology and neurodevelopment39. EEG development in resting states40. Availability and metabolism of thyroid hormones in the developing brainIV. Behavior and Psychopathological Aspects41. Psychosocial issues and quality of life following childhood stroke42. Neuropsychological function following childhood stroke43. Youths with autism and working memory44. Linking the mesial temporal lobe, 3D probabilistic maps and development45. Cognitive aspects of Down Syndrome46. Adolescent cannabis use and neurocognitive development47. The Role of Social Anxiety in Autism and the Broader Autism Phenotype: Evidence from Childhood through Adulthood48. Impact of touch on bonding and neurodevelopment49. Neurobehaviour and catch up growthV. Diet and Nutrition50. Caloric restriction and the developing brain51. High-fat diet, tryptophan hydroxylase-2 mRNA expression and neurodevelopment 52. Bone mineral density and nutritional status in children with cerebral palsy53. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate: Linking the neurogenesis, hippocampus and Down syndrome54. Folic acid-to prevent spina bifida and anencephaly

"This handbook will be quite useful for students, interns, residents, and seasoned doctors of emergency medicine for initial guidance on diagnosis and treatment of various emergency conditions. Although it is completely lacking in references, I find the information to be accurate and reliable. The size of the book, in particular, makes it an attractive option." --© Doody’s Review Service, 2020, Benjamin A. Willenbring, MD, reviewer, expert opinion