Extremism in the Police

Carla Lewandowski is Associate Professor of Law and Justice Studies at Rowan University in Glassboro, NJ, USA.Jeff Bumgarner is Professor and Director of the Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology at Texas State University, USA.

• CONTENTSPreface1. Background and HistoryIntroductionPolice in AmericaCity Police DepartmentsCounty Sheriff DepartmentsState TroopersState Investigative AgenciesFederal AgenciesHistory of American PolicingEarly British PolicingRobert Peel and the Metropolitan PoliceEarly American PolicingProfessional Era of PolicingPolice SubcultureExtremism in the United StatesMotivations of Political Extremism in the United StatesExtremism and the Radicalization ProcessHow Radicalization OccursHistory of Policing’s Intersection with ExtremismReferences2. Problems, Controversies, and SolutionsIntroductionIdentifying Extremism in Law EnforcementQuestionable Social Media ActivityImpediments to Removing Police Officers from the ProfessionDue Process RightsLabor UnionsFree Speech RightsParallel Problem of Extremism in the MilitaryInfiltration of Law Enforcement by Extremist Groups: The First of Two ThreatsKnown Extremist Activity or Allegiance in Law EnforcementSympathizing with Extremists: The Second ThreatThe Appeal of Extremism for Law EnforcementWhy the Concern About Law Enforcement?Trust in Policing / Police LegitimacyHow to Weed Out or Prevent Extremists in the RanksCurrent EffortsChanging Hiring PracticesEarly Intervention SystemsUse of Brady/Giglio ListsDecertification / License RevocationConclusionReferences3. PerspectivesPolice Extremism: A Threat to American Democracy - Michael Wiatroski Challenges of Law Enforcement Leadership - Tom NestelExtremism in Law Enforcement: Programmatic and Civil Society Responses - Brad GallowayCombating Police Extremism: An International Perspective - Mikkel DackExtremism in Policing - Thor DahlPolice Extremism and the Erosion of Trust - Chloe Robinson4. ProfilesOrganizationsConstitutional Sheriffs and Peace Officers AssociationDepartment of Homeland SecurityDepartment of JusticeFederal Bureau of InvestigationKu Klux KlanOath KeepersProud BoysSouthern Poverty Law CenterStormfrontThree PercentersIndividualsElmer Stewart Rhodes (1964- )Louis Beam (1946- )Richard Mack (1952- )MovementsChristian Identity MovementMilitia MovementRacist SkinheadsQAnonReferences5. Data and DocumentsGovernment DocumentsNon-government DocumentsKey Court DecisionsMcAuliffe v. City of New Bedford, 155 Mass. 216 (1892)Pickering v. Board of Education, 391 U.S. 563 (1968)Connick v. Myers, 461 U.S. 138 (1983)Garcetti v. Ceballos, 547 U.S. 410 (2006)Heffernan v. City of Paterson, 578 U.S. ___ (2016)6. ResourcesScholarly ArticlesReportsBooksMoviesNew ArticlesPodcastsWebsites7. ChronologyGlossaryAbout the Authors

This well-researched and comprehensive handbook will enable students to understand and contribute to the scholarship in this area, and it is recommended for academic libraries.