Extreme Natural Hazards, Disaster Risks and Societal Implications

Alik Ismail-Zadeh is Senior Scientist at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany and Chief Scientist at the Institute of Earthquake Prediction Theory of the Russian Academy of Sciences. His scientific interests cover studies of dynamics of the lithosphere and upper mantle and their surface manifestations including seismicity, seismic hazard and risk. Professor Ismail-Zadeh is Secretary-General of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), and has also served as President of the Natural Hazards Focus Group of the American Geophysical Union (AGU), President of the IUGG Union Commission of Geophysical Risk and Sustainability, and the leader of the ENHANS project. He is a recipient of the Academia Europaea Young Scientist Award, 2009 AGU International Award, and the 2012 AOGS Ian Axford Lecture Award on Natural Hazards. Jaime Urrutia-Fucugauchi is Professor of Geophysics at Instituto de Geofisica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), and is a leading expert in geomagnetism and volcanism. He is President of the Mexican Physics Society and a member of the Governing Board of the American Institute of Physics, the National University of Mexico and the Science Advisory Council of Mexico. Professor Urrutia-Fucugauchi has been awarded the Mexican Government's National Science Award, the Organization of American States' 'Manuel Noriega Morales' Prize, and the American Geophysical Union's 2013 International Award. Andrzej Kijko is the Director of the University of Pretoria Natural Hazards Centre, Pretoria, South Africa, and also a Professor of the University of Pretoria. As an internationally acclaimed researcher, he has been active in engineering geophysics and seismology for about 40 years. Professor Kijko's interests and responsibilities have taken him around the world and he has a wide range of experience from the various research posts and consulting positions he has held. Kuniyoshi Takeuchi is the founding Director of the International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management (ICHARM) in Tsukuba, and is also Professor Emeritus of the University of Yamanashi in Kofu, Japan. He is a distinguished hydrologist whose research interests cover water resources, flood management, extreme floods and societal needs of hydrological forecasting, sustainability analysis of water resources. Professor Takeuchi is Chair of the IUGG GeoRisk Commission and Vice Chair of the Scientific Committee of the Program 'Integrated Research on Disaster Risk' (IRDR). He has received numerous awards including the 2012 International Hydrological Prize. Ilya Zaliapin is Associate Professor of the Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Nevada, USA. His broad research interests cover problems of self-similarity, network transport, aggregation processes, delay equations, multiscale methods of time series analysis, random sums of heavy-tailed variables, geostatistics, extreme value theory with applications to atmospheric, hydrological and seismological research. He has been Secretary of the Natural Hazards Focus Group of the American Geophysical Union.

• Preface; Acknowledgments; List of contributors; Part I. Introduction: 1. Extreme natural hazards and societal implications – ENHANS project Alik Ismail-Zadeh; 2. The grand challenges of integrated research on disaster risk Gordon McBean; Part II. Extreme Hazards and Disaster Risks: 3. Extreme volcanism: disaster risks and societal implications Amy Donovan and Clive Oppenheimer; 4. Extreme seismic events: from basic science to disaster risk mitigation Alik Ismail-Zadeh; 5. The spatial-temporal dimensions of landslide disasters Irasema Alcántara-Ayala; 6. Global climate model and projected hydro-meteorological extremes in the future Akio Kitoh; 7. Physically-based hurricane risk analysis Ning Lin, Kerry Emanuel and Erik Vanmarcke; 8. Satellite-based remote sensing estimation of precipitation for early warning systems Soroosh Sorooshian, Phu Nguyen, Scott Sellars, Dan Braithwaite, Amir AghaKouchak and Kuolin Hsu; 9. Predicting and mitigating socio-economic impacts of extreme space weather: benefits of improved forecasts Daniel N. Baker, Jamie M. Jackson and Lauren K. Thompson; 10. Predictability of extreme events in a branching diffusion model Andrei Gabrielov, Vladimir Keilis-Borok, Sayaka Olsen and Ilya Zaliapin; Part III. Case Studies: Latin America and the Caribbean Region: 11. Earthquakes, tsunamis, and the related vulnerability in South America and the Caribbean – an overview Omar J. Pérez, Carlos Rodríguez and José L. Alonso; 12. Magnetic studies of active volcanoes in Mexico: implications for volcanic hazards and volcano monitoring Jaime Urrutia-Fucugauchi; Part IV. Case Studies: Africa: 13. Volcanism in Africa: geological perspectives, hazards and societal implications Nils Lenhardt and Clive Oppenheimer; 14. Recent volcanic eruptions in the Afar rift, north-eastern Africa, and implications for volcanic risk management in the region Gezahegn Yirgu, David J. Ferguson, Talfan D. Barnie and Clive Oppenheimer; 15. Large recorded earthquakes in Sub-Saharan Africa Vunganai Midzi and Brassnavy Manzunzu; 16. Tsunami impact on the African continent: historical cases and hazard evaluation Vyacheslav K. Gusiakov; 17. Advancing disaster risk governance in Madagascar: the role of higher education institutions Mahefasoa T. Randrianalijaona and Ailsa Holloway; Part V. Case Studies: Middle East: 18. Natural hazards in Saudi Arabia Abdulaziz M. Al-Bassam, Faisal K. Zaidi and Mohammad T. Hussein; 19. Large earthquakes and tsunamis in the Mediterranean region and its connected seas Gerassimos A. Papadopoulos and Antonia Papageorgiou; 20. Earthquake risk and risk reduction capacity building in Iran Mohsen Ghafory-Ashtiany; Part VI. Case Studies: Asia and the Pacific Region: 21. The Chao Phraya floods 2011 Sucharit Koontanakulvong; 22. Environmental risk management in Australia: natural hazards Tom Beer; 23. The 2008 Wenchuan, China, earthquake Zhongliang Wu and Tengfei Ma; 24. The 2011 Tohoku, Japan, earthquake and tsunami Kenji Satake; 25. India's tsunami warning system T. Srinivasa Kumar, Shailesh Nayak and Harsh K. Gupta; Part VII. Disaster Risks and Societal Implications: 26. The International Strategy for Disaster Reduction and the Hyogo Framework for Action (2005–15): essential tools for meeting the challenges of extreme events Sálvano Briceño; 27. Disaster policy and climate change: how much more of the same? Stephen Dovers and John Handmer; 28. Vulnerability, impacts and adaptation to sea level related hazards taking an ecosystem based approach Keith Alverson; 29. Extreme geohazards: risk management from a (re)insurance perspective Anselm Smolka; 30. Hitting the poor: public-private partnership as an option. Impact of natural catastrophes on economies at various stages of development Angelika Wirtz, Petra Löw, Thomas Mahl and Sibel Yildirim; Index.